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              <text>Elias Sturim</text>
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              <text>White union workers refuse to parade unless black workers can join, because it “is disrespectful to organized labor rather than to the colored people.”</text>
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              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP18991028&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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              <text>White Unions Will Not Parade Unless Colored People Are Allowed in Line.
A sensation entirely new to this section was sprung here to-day in labor circles. A street fair and trades display will be held here, commencing Monday with a street parade in which the trades unions were to participate. To-day the unions announced that they would take no part in the parade because the parade committees of the Fair declined to allow the colored trades unions a place in the line. 
The Streets Fair people and the unions appointed committees to confer and try to arrange matters, but without result. 
The white union men take the position that the white unions have contracts with reference to wage scales, etc., with those composed of colored people and that they would not deal with an organization that was not responsible and respectable, that as regularly organized trades union the colored union is entitled to place in the parade and that the refusal of the Fair Committee to give the colored people a place is disrespectful to organized labor rather than to the colored people. </text>
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                <text>A Peculiar Condition</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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                <text>1899-10-28</text>
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              <text>Mitchell tells of how sightseers at Niagara falls look like members of “some awful secret society” when dressed up in the standard coats with pointed hoods. </text>
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              <text>Those who have visited the Cave of the Winds at Niagara falls will remember how parties of tourists after donning the rubber coats and hoods resembled a meeting of some awful secret society organized for the purpose of crime. 
To identify a friend while in the cave requires the closest scrutiny of the features. Men and women look very much alikes here and frequently ludicrous mistakes occur which are embarrassing to those concerned, but heartily enjoyed by the spectators. 
Two young men recently visited this celebrated place and to one of them befell this experience. In order to not become separated they held onto each others shoulders on entering the cave and were for a moment blinded and confused, by the clouds of mist and roar of water. They moved slowly along the wooden walk and encountered another party of three or four sight seers. Another heavy gust of wind and mist blinded them, and during the excitement one of the two companions threw his arms, as he supposed, around the neck of his friend in mock terror. When the mist cleared away somewhat, there in the dusk was a surprised young woman who had been the recipient of the hug. But she made no protest. </text>
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              <text>Lower Left Quadrant</text>
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                <text>An Agreeable Blunder</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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                <text>1899-10-14</text>
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          <name>Student Name</name>
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              <text>Elias Sturim</text>
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              <text>A Chicago man sits on a cat in a restaurant and the waitstaff is required to remove it from him. </text>
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              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP18991007&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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              <text>And, Perhaps Needless to Say, the Fat Man Didn’t Keep His Seat So Very Long.
The man who sits down in a chair on which the baby has spread molasses has cause for anger. But the unfortunate individual who goes into a public restaurant for the purpose of satisfying the inner man and sits down in a chair on which a placid feline lies snoozing has good reason for allowing both anger and surprise to take possession of him. This is, says the Chicago Daily News, what one citizen of Chicago did yesterday, much to the amusement of other guests of the “eating house.”
A black cat who had been up all night and was just trying to get a little noonday beauty sleep in a chair was rudely awakened by about 200 pounds of human anatomy sitting upon her. She gave a wild discordant shriek of regret and sunk her claws into the man. She hung on for life and screamed as loud as she could. She was frightened, so was the man to whom she was closely attached. 
When the big man felt the presence of the kitty he gave a sonorous bellow and made a grab for the cat. He also started for the door. He was separated from the cat by the help of a few waiters and customers.</text>
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                <text>He Sat on a Cat</text>
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                <text>1899-10-07</text>
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          <name>Student Name</name>
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              <text>Elias Sturim</text>
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              <text>Mitchell speaks of his struggles while on a train in Georgia, as he overcomes “many threats” on his travels. </text>
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              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP18990923&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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              <text>HIS EXPERIENCE WITH A TRAIN CONDUCTOR.
Ordered From a Pullman Sleeping Car.
HE REFUSED TO OBEY THE DEMAND.
Many Threats, But He is Not Molested.
We left Richmond by way of the superb Seaboard Air Line of which the capable Mr. L. S. Allen is General Passenger Agent. A few moments later we were well on our way to Jacksonville, Florida. We did not notice any of the discrimination of which so much has been written until we reached Atlanta. 
On the Pullman sleeper we met Mr. C. E. Johnson of Washington, who, as porter gave satisfaction to the patrons. Later we found the veteran divine and race advocate, Bishop H. M. Turner, D. D. He was glad to see us and proceeded to a discussion of the great questions affecting the race.
Seated in his study, with the broad expanse of adjoining lots, all belonging to the A.M.F. Church was the distinguished advocate of emigration. 
A few moments later, Col. W. A. Pledger arrived with a carriage at whose hands we were favored with a most pleasurable drive.
THE CONDUCTOR’S DEMAND.
The porter, Mr. C. A. Ward, made down our bed. As we sat there, a tall stern-looking conductor entered and called out, “Tickets.” We complied with his request, when he blurted out, “Don’t you know that it is against the laws of Georgia for you to ride in a car with white people?”
We replied, “I am an inter-state passenger and am not subject to the local restrictions in Georgia.”
The conductor said: “Well, you better go in the other car if you do not want trouble. You will certainly have trouble if you stay in here, and it will be at your own risk.” We made no reply. 
Shortly afterwards, the Pullman conductor took our tickets and checked them up and in a few moments we went to bed, expecting every minute to be in the trouble of which he had spoken and determined to resist the attempts of lawless parties to deprive us of our rights as an inter-state passenger. 
From that time onward, we slept as peacefully as though we were resting upon the soil of old Virginia.</text>
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                <text>1899-09-23</text>
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          <name>Student Name</name>
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              <text>A secretary ignores the governor's recommendation to appoint a black man to lead a black regiment, which Mitchell calls a "farce of doing full justice."</text>
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              <text>In response to the call of the War Department for the recommendation of officers for the new volunteer regiments, Gov. Tanner of Illinois recommended a colored officer of the Eighth Illinois Volunteer Regiment. It is said that Secretary Root ignored the recommendations of the Governor to such an extent as to create much adverse comment. 
Referring to the recommendation of the colored officer, it is said that Secretary Root was compelled to pass him by until he decides to definitely to organize a colored regiment and to appoint colored men as officers. 
There is the color-line with a vengeance. It may yet prove to be the case that Secretary Alger in ignoring and snubbing the colored citizen was only obeying the orders of the prejudiced combine by way of the President of the United States. It seems now that Secretary Root is there to obey orders too, although he may not take pleasure in so doing. If we are to have a colored regiment, let us have a colored colonel commanding it or let us abandon the farce of doing full justice to “the brother in black.”</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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              <text>Two armed “strange white men” visit a white man’s home, uninvited, and denounce southern lynchings.</text>
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              <text>A White Man Lynched.
Two strange white men, one of whom was armed with three pistols, a Winchester rifle and a dirk, visited Morgan Warren’s home near Georgetown, Ga., Monday afternoon, Aug. 28th.
They began to denounce southern lynchings, and abused the virtue of southern white women. They refused to leave when ordered away. Warren went to Georgetown and secured assistance to effect their arrest.
As the posse returned one of the men arose from ambush and presented his rifle, when he was fired on and instantly killed. The other man disappeared. Neither was recognized. The coroner’s jury returned a verdict of justifiable homicide.</text>
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                <text>Abused the South</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="20983">
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            <elementText elementTextId="20986">
              <text>Black Republicans rally against fellow white Republicans for “abandoning the principles of the party.”</text>
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              <text>No</text>
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          <name>URL</name>
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              <text>The colored Republicans of Jackson, Mississippi held a largely attended meeting August 17th and denounced all white line Republicans from President McKinley down to the employees of the Jackson post-office.
It seems that the Republican managers secured the appointment of three democratic physicians as pension examiners although a colored Republican was an applicant.
It is stated that no colored men are employed in the Federal offices there, and that Democrats hold many of the best places there.
This is in the keeping with the President’s policy of pacification, superinduced by a desire to secure senatorial votes in support of his Philippine policy.
It is enough to make the Angel Gabriel kick much less the earthly colored men of Mississippi.
The meeting also criticized the President’s attitude with reference to lynching in the South and called upon the colored Republicans of the North to join with them in defeating him at the polls next year unless he changes his policy. Gov. Candler of Georgia was commended for his recent attitude in dealing with lynch.
This is independence with a vengeance. It seems that the colored folks mean business. If the Republican leaders insist upon abandoning the principles of the party, the colored voters will insist upon abandoning them.</text>
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          <name>Student Name</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="20970">
              <text>Elias Sturim</text>
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              <text>A judge denies a woman the right to send her black children to white schools because of the “separate but equal” doctrine.</text>
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              <text>No</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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          <name>URL</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="20978">
              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP18990902.1.1&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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              <text>Justice Wilmot M. Smith, in the Queens County Supreme Court, has denied the application of Mrs. Cisco, a colored woman, for a writ of peremptory mandamus to compel the School Board of Queens to admit all children, irrespective of color, to the public schools of that borough.
Attempted to Send Them.
Mrs. Cisco testified that she attempted to send her children, who are Negroes, to the Brenton-Avenue School, in Jamaica, but they had been denied admittance by the principal, who ordered her to take the children to the separate school for colored children. In addition, Mrs. Cisco swore that she had made other similar attempts at other public schools with the same result.
The woman claimed that the studier in the colored school were not far enough advanced for her children. She was twice arrested for the violation of the school law for not sending her children to school, and each time was acquitted. Judge Smith in his decision says:
“The Court of Appeals decided that under the provisions of the common school act of 1884, authorizing the establishment of separate schools for the education of the colored race, the school authorities have the power when, in their opinion, the interests of education will be prompted thereby, to establish schools for the exclusive use of colored children, and when such schools are established and provided with equal facilities for education, to exclude colored children from the school provided for white children.
“There is no claim upon the part of the relator that the statute had ever been expressly repealed by implication cannot be seriously entertained. The motion is denied without costs.”</text>
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              <text>Lower Left Quadrant</text>
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              <text>Elias Sturim</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
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              <text>A white woman leaves her husband and runs off with her “colored paramour” to escape to the North.</text>
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              <text>No</text>
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          <name>URL</name>
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              <text>Suit for a Divorce.
One of the most remarkable cases of infatuation occurred here yesterday, when Mrs. Georgia L. Borneman, the pretty young wife of Charles F. Borneman (white) proprietor of the Newport News Bakery ran off with George Waddell, a brown-skin colored man who had formerly been employed by her husband.
Discharged Him.
It seems that Mr. Borneman discharged Waddell, and this brought matters to a focus. She decided to leave him and in company with her colored paramour go north.
Close observers have noticed the intimacy existing between Waddell and Mrs. Borneman for some time. Mr. Borneman is said to have followed his erring wife as far as Baltimore, but only caught sight of her at a distance.
It is thought that they went to Philadelphia. The madame took with her all of her jewelry and a considerable sum of money. 
The Two Little Ones.
She left behind her here two small children, one of which is a baby. The husband took the matter philosophically and proceeded to employ a lawyer to institute a suit for a divorce. He will have no trouble to obtain it.
The town has been considerably stirred up over the affair and the woman is more roundly abused than is the colored man.
White Men Wrathy.
Several white men have expressed a desire to take part in hanging her. She would not charge Waddell with attempted assault, but plainly showed her appreciation of her dusky lover.</text>
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                <text>A White Wife’s Love</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="20866">
              <text>Elias Sturim</text>
            </elementText>
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            <elementText elementTextId="20869">
              <text>A secretary ignores the governor's recommendation to appoint a black man to lead a black regiment, which Mitchell calls a "farce of doing full justice."</text>
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              <text>No</text>
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          <description/>
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              <text>Social Change</text>
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              <text>In response to the call of the War Department for the recommendation of officers for the new volunteer regiments, Gov. Tanner of Illinois recommended a colored officer of the Eighth Illinois Volunteer Regiment. It is said that Secretary Root ignored the recommendations of the Governor to such an extent as to create much adverse comment. 
Referring to the recommendation of the colored officer, it is said that Secretary Root was compelled to pass him by until he decides to definitely to organize a colored regiment and to appoint colored men as officers. 
There is the color-line with a vengeance. It may yet prove to be the case that Secretary Alger in ignoring and snubbing the colored citizen was only obeying the orders of the prejudiced combine by way of the President of the United States. It seems now that Secretary Root is there to obey orders too, although he may not take pleasure in so doing. If we are to have a colored regiment, let us have a colored colonel commanding it or let us abandon the farce of doing full justice to “the brother in black.”</text>
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          <name>Location</name>
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              <text>Lower Left Quadrant</text>
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                <text>Against a Colored Officer</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1899-09-09</text>
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                <text>Against a Colored Officer</text>
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