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              <text>Carlos Serrano</text>
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              <text>A condemnation of the unjust a trial of a lynched man</text>
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              <text>It would seem that one of the lynchers of the colored man Thomas Smith at Roanoke last September is to an extent at least getting his just deserts. Here is the telegraphic report:

Roanoke, Va., January 16- (Special) In the Hustings Court to-day the case of Walter Davis charged with inciting a riot on the 20th of September, was tried and resulted in a verdict of one year’s imprisonment in jail, and a fine of $100. When indicted on the same charge last November, the case against Davis was postponed, at his request, on account of the absence of a material witness. Since then he has been indicted for stealing brass, and forfeiting his bond of $100. He left the city, and it is said to-day that he is in Franklin County, and can be arrested. The verdicts against him of yesterday and to-day make his imprisonment two years and fines $200.

It is very unfortunate that public sentiment was not sufficiently strong to give him the full extent of the law. He was either guilty of murder or was an accessory thereto. The penitentiary should have opened wide it doors to receive him.
Lynch Law must go!</text>
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                <text>18940120-Another Roanoke Lyncher Convicted</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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                <text>1894-01-20</text>
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                <text>Another Roanoke Lyncher Convicted</text>
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              <text>Carlos Serrano</text>
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              <text>A group of white men voice their opinions regarding the lynchings in Virginia.</text>
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              <text>For more than nine years we have pleaded at the bar of our public opinion against lynch-law, believe that if such an anarchistic condition was allowed to continue to exist, it would undermine the foundation of our free institutions, brutal of our people and produces years of bloodshed and misery as a logical result. That white men, actuated by the purest motives should see the danger and take radical steps to avert it is as highly gratifying to us as it must be surprising to the people themselves.
When such able and influential white men as Rev. Dr. R.T. Wilson, Rev. Dr. W.W. Landing and Editor Joseph Bryan [unintelligent] relic of barbarism will soon be shown no more and that law will be recognized and justice meted in accordance with civilized practices.
Judging from the report of the meeting at the Second Baptist Church last Tuesday night, there was nothing said with which we do not agree.
We believe in making haste slowly in changing the laws bearing upon the punishment of crime, and take care that we do not legalize lynch-law rather than eliminate it.
We have no sympathy with a criminal guilty of rape, be he black or white.Any such person is unfit to live, and no colored man in his right mind will for an instant hesitate to agree to a verdict of death the minute he has arrived at the conclusion that the accused us the guilty party.
This course is essentially necessary for the protection of female virtue.
As between a colored man and a white woman, there is absolutely no danger of a miscarriage of justice and consequently there is even less excuse for a lynching in the case. 
We are pleased to note the spirit of liberality now prevailing in our midst, and the respect for law which is being cultivated.
It cannot but result in good, and the officers of the law may be saved much trouble and bloodshed by the proper education of the masses before some alleged outrage has stirred their passions.
The speeches made last Tuesday night are so excellent that we reproduce them elsewhere, feeling satisfied that lynch-law in this section is on the ane and that the day is not far distant when Virginia will be noted for the law-abiding character of its citizens, the purity in the administration of its laws and the observance of those great principles which ensure success and bring prosperity within our doors.
Lynch-law must go!
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                <text>18940120-White Men Against Lynch Law</text>
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              <text>A black man is held accountable for his attempted lynching at his home.</text>
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              <text>Baton Rouge, Jan 19- At Laurel Hill, West Felicians parish, a Negro was arrested several days ago for larceny. He was arraigned and the case resulted in a mistrial. Constable Roberts, the Wailes brothers and several others went to the Negro’s house for the purpose of whipping Jim. When they reached the house, they were met by the Negro, who was armed with a shotgun. The Negro opened fire on the party, killing Joe Roberts and seriously wounding Charles Reid, Jr., son of the owner of the plantation. The Negro then jumped through a rear window and fled. He was fired on as he ran and wounded. He was caught and strung up to a limb. It is also reported that the Wailes brothers were wounded. -Time Democrat.</text>
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                <text>A Colored Man Defends his Home</text>
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                <text>1894-02-03</text>
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              <text>Carlos Serrano</text>
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              <text>A new lynch law that is supposed to reduce the number of lynchings faces various critiques over its ineffectiveness..</text>
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              <text>Perhaps this is best time to call the attention of our readers to the law passed by the last Legislature in regard to Lynching.
 
It provides that every person, who shall conspire to break in, or shall break in jail to injure any prisoner, shall upon conviction e sent to the penitentiary for not less than two nor more than fifteen years.
 
When such crimes has been committed, the Solicitor must proceed to the County of the crime and begin a prompt investigation. Those accused shall be bound over to the next Superior Court of some adjoining County, and there they shall be tried. No one is excused from answering on the ground that his answer would criminate himself.
 
For such investigations the Solicitor shall receive $100 and that as all other cost shall be paid by the County, in which the crime occurred. If the parties are convicted, then all costs must be paid by them.
 
Captain E. S. Parker, our able Solicitor, writes urging the people against violence, but saving in such case he would be compelled to do his duty regardless of consequence.</text>
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                <text>The Law of 1898 Against Lynching</text>
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                <text>1894-02-03</text>
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                <text>The Law of 1898 Against Lynching</text>
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              <text>A white man wearing black face attacks a white man in his home.</text>
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              <text>That Negroes have been hanged for crimes committed by white men with blackened faces hardly admits of a question. Here is a case in point demonstrating the depravity of some of the whites in the Southland: 
“Morgantown, GA, Jan 29 - U.P- 
 A sensational story has been received from Union-co. Tax-collector Jones, who lives in the wilds of Cooper’s creek, returned, on Saturday, from a tour of the county, collecting taxes. In the evening, a peddler well known in that locality, stopped at his house, asked for lodging and was taken in.
After supper Jones went out to look after his cattle. While he was gone, a disreputable looking Negro knocked at the front door, and when it was opened stuck two pistols into the faces of the peddler and Mrs. Jones. He first demanded the peddler’s money, and getting that made mrs. Jones bring the tax money.
 As he got it he turned out, when the peddler quickly drew a pistol and firing, stuck the robber in the head, killing him instantly. It was then discovered that the would be robber was none other than the tax collector himself, blacked up.”
All that was necessary for this white man to do was to give some innocent Negro some article which he had secured when he made the robbery. This would have been regarded as sufficient evidence of guilt and the colored man no doubt would have been lynched without being allowed the privilege of even proving his innocence.</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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                <text>1894-02-10</text>
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        <element elementId="52">
          <name>Student Name</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="19618">
              <text>Carlos Serrano</text>
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        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Summary</name>
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              <text>Governor O'Ferrall pardons a lyncher, claiming his actions did not merit the punishment he had received, which was a year in jail.</text>
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              <text>No</text>
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          <name>URL</name>
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              <text>Lynching</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="19629">
              <text>The action of Gov. Charles T. O’Ferrall in pardoning james B. Richardson, one of the Roanoke lynchers will neither merit nor receive public approval.
This criminal was sentenced to twelve months in jail and fined one hundred dollars.
The Governor reduces it to twenty-four hours in jail upon the condition that he pay the fine,
The was the method in vogue during Gov. McKinney’s “reign” and we had hoped that the conditional pardon had gone never to return.
It is alleged that the application for pardon was signed by four hundred “prominent citizens” of Roanoke.
If there was ever a good reason for not pardoning the convicted criminal this was one.
Here is a city where public sentiment was so treacherous that its patriotic mayor had to seek an asylum in another locality.
The majority were in favor of the lawless, and yet these same citizens possibly some of them as guilty as this man Richardson sign a petition for pardon and it is favorably acted upon.
It was openly declared by the press of the state that the punishment meted for the crime committed was entirely inadequate.
The lynching and the storming of the jail at Roanoke last September were the most treasonable acts that have been committed in this state during this generation.
It was an open defiance of the law and the only question which should have, in our judgement presented itself to our Chief Executive was whether or not Patterson was guilty or innocent.
He was guilty of felony and should have been sentenced to the penitentiary. The jury virtually exercised the element which should have been left to the [unintelligent] when they made the punishment so light. There should have been nothing more done. We feel certain that lynchers all over the state will regard this official act as a condoning of the crime and believe that similar favors will be extended them should they be convicted of having been guilty of a similar crime.
Lunch-law must go!</text>
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                <text>A Roanoke Lyncher Pardoned</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1894-02-10</text>
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                <text>A Roanoke Lyncher Pardoned</text>
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        <element elementId="52">
          <name>Student Name</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="19683">
              <text>Carlos Serrano</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="53">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="19686">
              <text>A black man in Georgia is skinned alive near his own home.</text>
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              <text>No</text>
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        <element elementId="28">
          <name>URL</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="19691">
              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP18940217&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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          <name>Topic</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="19692">
              <text>Lynching</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="19694">
              <text>The following telegraphic report explains itself and tells in no uncertain language of the awful situation of affairs in this benighted southland:
“Washington DC, Feb 10- A special to the Post from Athens, GA says: Whitecaps in Oglethorpe county went to the house of a Negro man named Collins last night, and calling him out, seized him and carried him off. They tied him to a tree and literally flayed him alive. The negro died this morning. The authorities have no clue as to the perpetrators, but are hunting for them. The charge against Collins was that he had been enticing away servants.
 
There is no charge of rape, no allegation of murder. It is simply stated that he enticed away servants.
What will the Governor of Georgia do in this matter. He saw fit to mass troops upon the boundary line of that state to prevent a prize-fight. What will he do with the murderers of this man?
It was a terrible death to die. The groans of the victim as he was bruised and beaten, the pleadings which fell upon deaf ears gave a faint idea of the torture to which he was subjected.
Colored men must protect themselves and each other. When this is done, such occurrences as the one cited will be few and far between.
Lynch law must go!</text>
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              <text>Upper Right Quadrant</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>Flayed Alive</text>
              </elementText>
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              <elementText elementTextId="19685">
                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="19689">
                <text>1894-02-17</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="19690">
                <text>Flayed Alive</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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  <item itemId="1595" public="1" featured="1">
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        <element elementId="52">
          <name>Student Name</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="19501">
              <text>Carlos Serrano</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Summary</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="19504">
              <text>A black man is lynched after being accused of murder, but his attackers have yet to be convicted and remain unknown.</text>
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              <text>No</text>
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          <name>URL</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="19509">
              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP18940324&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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          <name>Topic</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="19510">
              <text>Lynching</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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            <elementText elementTextId="19512">
              <text>The lynching of Richard Puryear, colored at Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania, Thursday, March 15th, was inexcusable but the stereotyped verdict of the coroner's jury that “ the deceased came to his death by being hung by parties unknown to the jury was even more”.
Puryear was charged with murder and if reports are to be accredited there was sufficient evidence to secure his conviction.
This makes the crime of his lynching all the more heinous.
That such a condition of Affairs was possible upon the soil of Pennsylvania will cause the average law-abiding citizen to stop and Ponder.
The New York Press, and it is true of the 17th States the situation exactly, and by clear cut logic shows the utter lack of justification of the whole proceedings. It says:
“ it is stated that the lynching of the colored criminal, Richard Puryear, at Stroudsburg on Thursday is the first occurrence of the swords in Pennsylvania for more than half a century. The fact that Pennsylvania has so adorable a record in this respect makes the outrage in question the more conspicuous and inexcusable. Northern newspapers which sternly denounced the frequent and barbarous execution of color offenders by mobs in the southern states cannot afford to palliate the Stroudsburg tragedy. Pennsylvania is the second state in the Union. It is highly civilized Commonwealth, with thoroughly organized a reliable courts of law, and with a population mainly composed of intelligent and industrious white Americans. Assuredly the lynching of a helpless prisoner in such a community, is as least as great an outrage as it is in the semi barbarous region of the South, Where respect for law has never been a controlling sentiment, and where the idea that a man has a right to avenge his own wrongs by killing those who have injured him still hold sway to an extraordinary extent”.
And again:
“ it may be urged that the double crime of which Richard Puryear was guilty was peculiarily atrocious”</text>
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                <text>The Lynching in Pennsylvania</text>
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                <text>1894-03-23</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="19358">
              <text>Carlos Serrano</text>
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              <text>A black man who was convicted of murdering a white man was lynched by a group of white men with the help of the sheriff.</text>
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              <text>No</text>
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              <text>The colored man Sylvester Rhodes, who killed Mr. Robert Rosier on the 25th of February in Tattnall County was removed from here to Collins, Georgia, last night. A party of men met the sheriff and the Prisoner there, and during the temporary absence of the sheriff, it was reported the colored man had escaped. The officer went out to hunt for him, but did not find roads until this morning, when his body was discovered, 1/4 of a mile from Collins, lying by a pile of cross ties. He had been placed upon the ties and shot to death, rolling off the pile to the ground.</text>
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                <text>Another Colored Man Lynched</text>
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                <text>Another Colored Man Lynched</text>
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              <text>Carlos Serrano</text>
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              <text>Four black men are lynched after being accused of murdering a white man in Louisiana.</text>
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A Vicksburg special says: for Negroes have already paid the penalty for the brutal assassination of Manager Boyce, of Baunoce Plankdon, in Madison parish, Saturday, and it is not Unlikely several more will have summary Justice dealt out to them. One negro was shot Saturday night. The mob gathered at the jail last night and took out Sam Slaughter, Tom Claxton, Dave Hawkinsand swung them up to the banister of the courthouse till dead.</text>
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