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              <text>Liam Eynan</text>
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              <text>A featured snippet from a contemporary paper, The Alabama Weekly Press, discusses the US’ efforts to free John Waller from a French Prison.</text>
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              <text>[Mobile, Alabama Weekly Press.]
	Had Waller been a white American citizen Uncle Sam’s ultimatum would have been sent by Gresham; but Waller is to be released and that is another case wherein it is shown that the Negro will get justice though it be late in coming.</text>
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                <text>F22.docx</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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                <text>1896-02-22</text>
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                <text>Had He Been White</text>
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              <text>Liam Eynan</text>
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              <text>A featured snippet from a contemporary paper, Maryland Afro-American, discusses the American foreign office’s attempts to have John Waller released from French Custody.</text>
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              <text>[Baltimore, Md. Afro-American] 
The controversy, between the United States and France, respecting the imprisonment of ex-Consul John L. Waller has terminated in true Cleavelandesque style. That our foreign office is lamentably and inexcusably weak must be apparent even fawning sycophants of the administration; such a pitiful capitulation, as appears in this message to congress in this case, was not expected even from so weak a premier.
It is how very evident that Wetter, Eustis and Olney have for the past six months been more actively engaged in the discovery of evidence to sustain the findings of the drum-headed tribunal that convicted Waller than in investigating the charges and the evidence upon which he was sentenced. 
Summary: A featured snippet from a contemporary paper, The Alabama Weekly Press, discusses the US’ efforts to free John Waller from a French Prison.</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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                <text>1896-02-22</text>
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                <text>Rough on the Administration</text>
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          <name>Student Name</name>
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              <text>Elias Sturim</text>
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              <text>Mitchell writes of a polygamist being "appointed Postmasters in Utah, by the President and confirmed by the Senate," but the man was apparently not known as a polygamist to the appointing parties. </text>
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              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP18991216&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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              <text>THE APPOINTMENT OF POLYGAMISTS. 
	The statement made by Roberts that polygamist had been appointed Postmasters in Utah, by the President and confirmed by the Senate, which was news to President, the Senate, and the Post Office Department, which immediately began an investigation to ascertain the truthfulness of the statement. If there is a polygamist postmaster in Utah, or elsewhere, he will be dismissed from office as soon as the proofs are in the hands of the Department. The House Committee that is investigating the charges against Roberts is working diligently. Its report is almost certain to be against Roberts.</text>
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              <text>Upper Left Quadrant</text>
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                <text>The Appointment of Polygamists</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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                <text>1899-12-16</text>
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                <text>The Appointment of Polygamists</text>
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          <name>Student Name</name>
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              <text>Elias Sturim</text>
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              <text>Holland asks President McKinley to "use his good offices to bring about peace between the English and the Boers," although "the President can do nothing of this kind except when requested by both parties to do it."</text>
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              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP18991216&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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              <text>REQUEST THE GOVERNMENT TO INTERFERE
	Senator Burrows has presented President McKinley a petition signed by the Hollanders of Michigan, asking that he use his good offices to bring about peace between the English and the Boers, and he petition has been filed in the Department of State. The President can do nothing of this kind except when requested by both parties to do it.
	Hon. John Barrett, late U.S. Minister to Siam, said in a lecture on “The Philippines and the Far East,” delivered under the auspices of the National Geographic Society: “If I were asked to state the necessary immediate influences that will assist in making America forever the paramount power of the Pacific, I would enumerate in order of importance: First, permanent sovereignty over the Philippines; second, construction of the Trans-Isthmian Canal; third, preservation according to the treaty of our trade rights throughout all China; fourth, laying of the Pacific cable; fifth, upbuilding or reasonable subsidies of our merchant marine; sixth,- a new but important proposition- the extension of a parcel post system of mail to the far East to compete with similar European systems, and seventh, the early sending of a Commission to fully investigate and report on Asiatic markets, as recommended in the President’s Message.”
	With the exception of the Sixth, the President anticipated every one of Mr. Barrett’s suggestions, in his annual message to Congress. </text>
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                <text>Request the Government to Interfere</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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                <text>1899-12-16</text>
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          <name>Student Name</name>
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              <text>Elias Sturim</text>
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              <text>A letter tells of how President McKinley is happy with the congress' "promptness in dealing with the financial bill."</text>
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              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP18991216&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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              <text>ECHOES FROM THE MESSAGE.
The Charges Against Roberts.
(From our Regular Correspondent)
Washington, D.C., Dec. 11, 1899.
	President McKinley has taken occasion to congratulate the republican members of the House for their promptness in dealing with the financial bill, debate upon which opened in the House to-day to continue for one week. This bill will not only receive the vote of every republican in the House, but it will get from ten to fifteen democratic votes, making it passage by a large majority certain. Never before has there been such a unanimity in favor of a financial measure. The reason may be found in the fact that this bill has the approval of the business sentiment of the country. So far. The democrats have shown themselves to be afraid of the bill as a whole, confining themselves to attacking it in spots. They may work themselves into attacking it more directly as the debate progresses They will be given every opportunity, and if they wish more time than has been allotted to them, they can easily get it, as the republicans will be perfectly willing to give them a part of their time.</text>
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              <text>Upper Left Quadrant</text>
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                <text>WASHINGTON LETTER: The President Gratified. Financial Bill Will Pass. The War in South Africa.</text>
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                <text>Washington Letter: The President Gratified</text>
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              <text>A number of state elections take place, and Mitchell notes that "more than the usual amount of interest."</text>
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              <text>More than the usual amount of interest in off year elections was manifested in both official and unofficial circles yesterday. Particularly was this the case with reference to the states of Ohio, Maryland, Kentucky, and Nebraska. The president being in Ohio, the White House last night was comparatively deserted. Several of the cabinet officers and a number of subordinate officials also went to their respective homes to exercise the elective franchise. </text>
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              <text>Mitchell commends President McKinley for his visit to a black church in Chicago, and calls it an appreciated “official acknowledgement of the worth of the colored race.”</text>
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              <text>That was a gracious act on the part of President McKinley when on Oct. 8th he paused in his round of duties to visit the colored people at Quinn Chapel Chicago, Ill., and speak a word in the afternoon to the children. 
He is quoted as saying: 
“My friends, it gives me great pleasure to meet with you on this memorial day. The noblest sentiment of the human heart, after love of God, is love of country, and that includes love of home, the corner-stone of strength and safety. Your race has demonstrated its patriotism by its sacrifices, its love of the flag by dying for it. That is the greatest test of fidelity and loyalty. The nation has appreciated the valor and patriotism of the black men of the United States. They not only fought in Cuba, but in the Philippines, and they are carrying the flag as the symbol of liberty and hope to an oppressed people.”
The above is an official acknowledgement of the worth of the colored race. What a pity that its officials will not see to it that its members are given the rights guaranteed in the constitution of the nation. 
We appreciate your visit, Mr. President. May the good Lord strengthen you to the extent that you will adopt an unswerving policy and wipe away forever the prejudice now existing against us in all departments within the limits of the War Department.</text>
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                <text>The President’s Visit</text>
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              <text>Liam Eynan</text>
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              <text>An editorial against the segregated rail car bill introduced in the Virginia state legislature.</text>
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              <text>It does not seem to us that the measure introduced in the House of Delegates by Mr. Radford, providing separate cars for whites and blacks, is justified by public reason or necessity, but, on the contrary, is calculated to promote ill-feeing and strife between two races whose interests should incline them to live together in peace and harmony. The test of a man's right to ride in any public conveyance should be his behavior and not the color of his skin, and there would be as much sense in compelling blacks and whites to walk on opposite sides of the street as to compel them to ride in different railway coaches. The plan puts railroad companies to an unnecessary expense, and has proved satisfactory to no one except few race bigots. The absurdity of such a law was signally illustrated in a southern state where it was in force a few years ago. On some public occasion in which the whites were interested, the coaches set apart for them proved insufficient for their accommodation and they overflowed into the coaches intended for the negroes. In this case necessity knew neither law nor prejudice, but the negroes knew their opportunity and promptly compelled the whites to return to their crowded quarters, properly insisting that as they had made the law they should live up to its requirements.
The time has passed, we hope forever, for the enactment of legislation that will promote irritation and discord between the races. It is undemocratic and it is unchristian; in fact, it is a crime against the peace and happiness of this southern part of the United States whose population is so largely composed of negroes, and that, too, through no fault of the negroes themselves. Mr. Radford can employ his time more patriotically and profitably to the state by aiding Mr. Withers and a few others in their efforts to reduce the administrative expenses of the state. Let the race question rest, and let the races have peace.</text>
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                <text>Against the Separate Car Bill.</text>
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              <text>The black members of the city were not informed of an upcoming vote because white council members knew they would oppose the measure.</text>
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              <text>The regular monthly meeting of the Board of Aldermen was held Tuesday evening. 14th inst., at 7 o'clock, present: Messrs Rahen, Blake, Burton, King, Mitchell, Moore, Mountcastle, Noble, Snead, Tanner and Vaughan.
The action of the Common Council in granting the Richmond Union Passenger Railway Co. the right to extend their First St. line to Broad St. was concurred in $675 were appropriated from the sewer fund to extend sewer on Main St. from Bowe to Lombard and to appropriate $195 to put up the Stewart Horse Guard Armory lockers.
The semi-annual interest due on the debt of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical Society was concurred in and the taxes of the Asbury Methodist Church amounting to $57 were cancelled, also the ordinance to prevent electrolysis of water and gas mains.
The sum of $5000 was appropriated for the purchase of pipe for water mains and $99.
A JANITOR FOR WHITE ARMORIES.
It was decided that the Committee on Grounds and Buildings be authorized to employ a janitor at a salary of $50 per month for the Howitzer Stuart Horse Guard Armories.
There was quite a sensation when Alderman John Mitchell. Jr. offered a resolution calling a joint meeting the Board of Aldermen and the Common Council February 18 for the purpose of declaring vacant the position of Inspector of Plumbing.
Mr. Landers was elected at a joint meeting of the two branches held in December. It was called at 7:30 P.M., but a Democratic caucus was held and the members from Jackson Ward thereby shut out.
THE JACKSON WARD CONTINGENT.
They waited until neatly 9 o'clock, and then Aldermen James Bahen, John Mitchell. Jr., H. J. Moore, and Councilmen Benjamin Jackson, Wm. B. Smith, J. R. Griffin, M. T. Page, and Morton Deane retired in a body and accordingly were not present when the caucus nominee was elected in the joint session.
In order to bring the matter up again and allow a discussion, the member of Jackson Ward introduced the aforesaid resolution.
Alderman Mitchell requested clerk to read Chapter xxvii Section 20. This contained the provision relative to the work of licensed plumbers.
THE ALDERMAN’S PLEA.
The Alderman then stated that Jackson Ward representatives been debarred from participating in the election of an Inspector of Plumbing and it was presumed that the reason for this was that their participation in such would result in the selection of an improper person. Mr. T. M. Landers had been reported having put in iron pipe at 1304-6 Ave., in violation of the ordinance referred to.
The matter had been taken to the Police Court and dismissed on technical grounds.
Superintendent Bolling had revoked the license, or rather refused to renew it, and an appeal was had to the Committee on Water, and the Committee had sustained the superintendent, the understanding being that if he took out the iron pipe, the license would be granted.
Alderman Mitchell dwelt on the fact that he had signed for lead pipe and put in iron pipe and made no denial of the fact.
Now the Council of the of Richmond had elected to a position a man to enforce an ordinance which he had taken pride in violating himself.
THAT SUIT AGAINST THE CITY.
He had entered suit against the Superintendent of Water works; obtained a judgement of $1500, and the city paid the same.
Now the Council had elected to a position a man who had not only violated he very ordinances which he would be required to enforce, but had sued the city and gotten judgement against his present employer. For twenty minutes, the colored alderman held the attention watchers, and when he sat reigned supreme.
Alderman Burton moved the matter be tabled. Alderman Vaughan said that he hoped that this course would not be followed and opposed the tabling of the question. Alderman Allen said that the statements of the member from Jackson Ward were entirely pertinent and he thought an investigation should be had by a joint special committee.
THE RESOLUTION WITHDRAWN.
Alderman Mitchell then withdrew his resolution and offered in lieu thereof a resolution providing for a joint committee of five to investigate the matter.
President Turpin opposed this and said that no information had been presented which was not known to the members at the time the election took place.
Alderman Blake said that there was not a plumber in the city who was complying with the ordinance. He was followed by Alderman Bahen in behalf of Mr. Landers and Alderman Snead came to the rescue.
Alderman H J. Moore was severe on the caucus nominee, declaring that he had never been competent tor the positron. It looked very much as though the resolution would pass. A lobby was quickly formed, the whips applied, and the resolution lost by a vote of 6 to 9.
JANITOR FOR THE COLORED ARMORY.
Alderman Mitchell offered a resolution instructing the Superintendent of the Almshouse to report the facts in the delay and embarrassment occasioned-by the refusal of certain officials to bury the family servant in the Woodbridge section. He also offered another resolution appropriating $25 per month for the employment of a janitor for the colored armory and asked that it be referred to the Committee on Grounds and Buildings.
This was done. The resolution from the three market committees asking for the defeat of a bill by the legislature to prevent country-men from selecting their produce at the markethouses without a license was adopted and Messrs King, Snead and Vaughan were appointed a special committee to present the matter to the General Assembly.</text>
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              <text>Liam Eynan</text>
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              <text>The Planet honors the white city engineer who helped found the armory for the black militia</text>
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              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP18960111.1.4&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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              <text>Government and Politics</text>
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              <text>Col. W. E. Cutshaw, our present City Engineer, is one of the most remarkable characters in the city government to-day His powers as an organizer and his abilities as a city official are conceded. Candid to the point of bluntness, conscientious to the point of stubbornness, a friend to his friends and an enemy relentless to those who would wrongfully tamper with the people's interests, he stands forth as the power behind the throne, and a tower of strength in any contest. 
His democracy is unquestioned and yet, he is just. Color forms no bar to courteous treatment at his hands.
He was a warm supporter of the proposition to erect the colored armory and when the amount appropriated was insufficient to ensure the erection of a handsome and substantial structure, it was he who put on foot the plans for an appropriation of $2500 more, recommended it and successfully used his powerful influence to secure its passage, the Mayor's veto notwithstanding.
Col. Cutshaw is a born leader of men. His countenance betoken courage, and his energy causes him to know no such word as fail.
He is honored and respected by all classes and even those who disagree with him accord him praise. The cut which we present was made from a photograph made by Mr J. C. Farley, our colored photographer.</text>
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              <text>Upper Right Quadrant</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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                <text>1896-01-11</text>
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                <text>Our City Engineer</text>
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