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              <text>Elias Sturim</text>
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              <text>A letter to the editor that certifies that Mitchell paid $100 for a death claim with regards to a member of the Knights of Pythias.</text>
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              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP18991021&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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              <text>This is to certify that I have received from John Mitchell, Jr., Grand Worthy Counsellor of the Grand Court of Va. One Hundred Dollars, ($100.00) in payment of the death claim of my wife, who was a member of Unity Court, No. 182, Independent Order of Calanthe, under jurisdiction of Knights of Pythias, N., S., A., E., A., A. &amp; A.
	Signed:
		J.H. Robinson</text>
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              <text>Lower Right Quadrant</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>$100 Paid</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="21297">
                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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                <text>1899-10-21</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>$100 Paid</text>
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              <text>Elizabeth Lopez-Lopez</text>
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              <text>A black man, his “white daughter-in-law,” and son are receiving $1000 “for personal injuries sustained at the hands of a mob of whites,” after the “Smith anti-lynching law” is implemented.</text>
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              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP19001124.1.1&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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              <text>Lynching</text>
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              <text>$1000 Damages
The Smith Anti-Lynching Law Works.
Bellefontaine, O.—Edward Jackson has secured a verdict of $1000 against the Logan county commissioners, under Hon. Harry C. Smith’s anti-lynching law, for personal injuries sustained at the hands of a mob of whites brutes in West Liberty in November, 1899, when he and Nellie Jackson, his white daughter-in-law, and David Rickman, were taken from jail, tarred and feathered, ducked in a pond and beaten with clubs and made to walk eight miles without clothing. All brought suit, but the only one has been tried. Jackson is 70 years of age. He and Rickman are Afro-Americans, the former being fairly well-to-do.</text>
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              <text>Upper Right Quadrant</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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                <text>1900-11-24</text>
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                <text>$1000 Damages</text>
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              <text>Benton Camper</text>
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              <text>The US treasury in Chicago experiences the greatest robbery of federal money in history.</text>
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              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP19070302.1.4&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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              <text>$173,000 Missing at U.S. Treasury
Strange Disappearance of Big Sum at Chicago.
Chicago, Feb. 26.-One of the largest, if not the largest, thefts from the United States treasury has been unearthed in Chicago. Somewhere between $170,000 and $175,000 was stolen from the local sub-treasury last week. The money has disappeared as completely as if it had vanished form the face of the earth.
             When interviewed in regard to the robbery, Sub-Treasurer Boldenweck admitted that a theft of $173,000 had been perpetrated, but refused to go into details.
             Mr. Boldenweck declared later that it had been definitely determined just where the shortage occurred, but he declined to say where it had been traced. He declared himself positive, however, that the money had never reached the vaults. He said that the only reason for believing that the stolen money had been in bills of large denomination was that it would have been impossible for anybody to take $173,000 from the office in small bills and escaped detection, but that a package of $173,000 in $1,000 bills could have been carried about the person easily without exciting suspicion.
             Every man who could have had anything to do with the case was called into Treasurer Boldenweck’s office and put through an exhaustive examination and a still more rigid cross-examination.</text>
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              <text>Upper Left Quadrant</text>
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                <text>10970302-$173,000 Missing at U.S. Treasury-Camper</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1907-03-03</text>
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                <text>$173,000 Missing at U.S. Treasury</text>
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          <name>Student Name</name>
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              <text>Ryan Shah</text>
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              <text>A woman thanks John Mitchell, Jr., and the Knights of Pythias for the “financial help and care” she received after the death of her husband. </text>
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              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP19050826.1.1&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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              <text>Mr. John Mitchell, Jr.
Richmond, Va.,
My dear sir:

I take this means to sincerely thank you and the members of Douglass Lodge, No. 69 for the financial help and care that you all have so kindly rendered to me in behalf of my late beloved husband R. H. Watkins. The K. of P’s is a great help in the time of need and one of the finest orders to make paying investments. As Providence directed, my husband joined your and he lived one year thereafter and raid in monthly dues $9.00. The order paid me promptly $54.00 sick dues, $50.00 for the burial of my husband and $150.00 endowment, making a total of $254.00. I think this makes a fine showing for Pythianism.

Yours for much success,
Eliza A. Watkins</text>
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                <text>$254.00 Received From Pythians</text>
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                <text>1905-08-26</text>
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                <text>$254.00 Received From Pythians</text>
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              <text>The Knights of Pythias in Richmond had a grand installation which resulted in the Zion Baptist Church filling up to maximum capacity.</text>
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              <text>100 Officers Installed.
One hundred officers were publicly installed Tuesday night, July 2nd, Zion Baptist Church was crowded to its utmost capacity in honor and appreciation of the public installation which had never been witnessed before served to inspire and to stimulate.
Deputy J. C. Allen was the source of this inspiring deed. He is untiring in his efforts and is successful in all his undertakings, Prof. J. E. Byrd, acted Grand Prelate; Special Deputy J. W. Larkins acted as Master at Arms.
The officers of the following lodges: Damon, No. 12, Eureka, No. 30, Lily of the Valley, No. 40, Cavalier, No. 56, Star of the East, No. 58, Rose of Sharon, No. 63, Newport News, No. 74, Athletic, No. 113, Prince of Peace, No. 114, Flying Eagle, No. 130, were escorted to their respective places and in a most impressive way, received their solemn obligation of duty.
This act alone, with many other interesting features, planned by the brained men of this city, enables the Knights of Pythias to stand head and shoulders above all the other Orders of the city. After receiving the obligations, change was delivered to them by the Grand Vice Chancellor, T. J. Pree, whose speech enrapt the audience with such surprise, till the cry was, “No man spoke like he.”
Grand Vice Chancellor T. J. Pree, Deputy J. C. Allen, Special Deputy J. W. Larkins, Prof. J. E. Byrd are four of the excellent characters wisely selected to lead the Fraternity of Knighthood in this city. With these magnets, the Order is bound to mark upon its banner, “Excelsior.”
After the installation service they were refreshed by a collation of ice-cream was furnished by the Excelsior Ice Cream Co. a company newly organized and composed of the best citizens of the race with all modern improvements to manufacture ice-cream in all styles, if necessary can turn out a gallon per minute.</text>
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              <text>A $108,000 fine is placed upon the New York Central Railroad Company on the charge of "granting rebates to the American Sugar Company".</text>
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              <text>Washington, Feb. 24. – The Verdict of the United States circuit court for the southern district of New York, imposing a fine of $108,000 upon the New York Central Railroad Company on the charge of granting rebates to the American Sugar Company, was affirmed by the supreme court of the United States.</text>
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              <text>Emma Alvarez</text>
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              <text>A bought of disastrous forest fires in Western Canada destroy homes and kill people, so surrounding cities send money and aid.</text>
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              <text>The latest estimates of the dead in the Elk river disaster by bush fires which have been raging from Michel to Fernie, in Western Canada, is 125 persons. The property loss is $5,000,000 in Fernie, making the total loss $8,000,000 and 600 persons of that city’s inhabitants are homeless. The residents have been taken in trains to places of safety and are now destitute. Thousands of dollars have been sent by western Canadian cities to the relief of the destitute. Medical supplies are greatly needed. Fernie, with its lumber mills and railway terminals, is wiped out. The fire is still raging around Hosmer and Sparwood, but Michel is safe, the wind having dropped. If a gale springs up that city will be again in danger soon. Seventy men in the camps of the Elk River company perished. The exact number of fatalities may never be known, and there seems no way in the meantime of procuring an accurate list. Reports are conflicting. Reports received at Michel place the number of dead at Fernie at 102, with sixty-four others burned in a logging camp at Elk river. An unofficial statement said to have come from Fernie places the official list of dead at Fernie and the surrounding camps at 125, with the property loss at $8,000,000. Saturday night was a frightful one of excitement, and many heartrending scenes were witnessed. It was spent in getting many of the women and children on the trains and starting them for Cranbrook. Many harrowing tales were told. One women of West Fernie had just emerged from her home, which was on fire. She dropped dead of heart disease. Neighbors buried her in her garden, and then ran for their lives. In another part of the city an old man, an invalid, was carried a short distance, but the heat became too great and she perished.</text>
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              <text>An explosion causes mine in Russia to collapse trapping 125 miners inside, who fail to be rescued.</text>
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              <text>Yuzovka, Russia, Feb. 10. – An explosion occurred in the Catherine mine here, and it was followed quickly by fire. One hundred and twenty-five miners are imprisoned in the mine. An engineer and three workmen who attempted to rescue the victims have been killed.</text>
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              <text>In Onacock, Virginia, black families receive notes on their door that threaten violence if they do not leave town.</text>
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              <text>50 Colored Families Ordered To Leave.
    	Onancock, VA., August 11.-While to-night finds this town and the Eastern Shore without actual outbreak or recurrence of the rioting of last night the situations here is grave in the extreme.
    	The day has been one of suppressed excitement and high tension. Not only were the printing office of the colored editor and the store of the colored merchant burned but the Governor has been appealed to rush arms to the citizens here with which they may protect their homes.
    	It is understood now that he will come in person to advise with the leading citizens as to what is best to be done.
    	Just a few minutes ago (10:30 P.M.) fifty colored families were ordered by the whites to leave Onancock by or before 9 A.M. Monday or there would be serious trouble. A colored minister finding this notice on his door on returning from church immediately vacated. Pickets are on duty at every corner keeping the town well guarded.
    	The printing office of the paper which belonged to James Uzzel, the colored editor, who was one of the leaders of the mob, and the storehouse of Samuel Burton, also a leader of the rioting last night, were burned to the ground by the whites early this morning.
    	Several colored people’s dwellings were riddled with bullets, but no one was seriously injured, excepting one colored man, who was shot in the shoulder. The colored men Burton and Uzzel, were thought to be in hiding places in the store which was burned this morning. This caused the burning of the buildings, which was done in a very quick time, by throwing oil and gasoline in the building and setting the torch. The building was surrounded to make sure that if the two colored men were there they would have no escape. Many of the whites, who toward midnight filled the streets of the town, had come from neighboring towns and country surroundings, lost no time in a search for the men who were especially wanted, being the ones that begun the shooting yesterday evening. But this search was in vain in every respect.
    	It is now supposed that both colored men made their escape from town, as the colored village was thoroughly searched this morning and no clue could be found of them. The other colored people are very quiet without their leaders, but still threaten.
Call on Governor to Furnish Arms to Citizens.
    	A mass-meeting was held this afternoon by the Town Council for the purpose of taking the following action:
    	First, To request the Governor of Virginia to rush arms for the citizens of the town.
    	Second. To ask an injunction to prevent the colored people from the holding their agricultural fair at Tasley, Va., on the ground that Uzzel and Burton are office-holders in the fair and both outlaws.
    	They have also appointed five extra policemen, who go on duty tonight. Conditions, although much more quiet tonight, it is feared will grow very exciting at any moment. 
    	Trouble began over a bill which Constable Kellam tried to collect from a man by the cam of Conquest, who was in Burton’s store at the time. Conquest refused with hot words and cursed Kellam, then calling for assistance. At the same time Uzzel appeared on the scene, who fired a shot which missed its man and struck Garland Belote, a citizen of the town, in the hip on not seriously injuring him.
    	John Toppin, colored, is reported to be dying from a shot last night. Never before was Accomac county in such a state of excitement when the news circulated over the telephone and telegraph lines regarding the conduct of the colored men and the unprepared position of the Onancock citizens.
Burn Every Round of Ammunition in Town.
    	Practically every round of ammunition hereabouts was burned last night and early today the white people of this community had subdued the violent colored element and sent the colored ringleaders away to parts unknown. No attempt, however was made to injure innocent colored people while the fusilade was under way, and before quiet was restored two thousand shots were fired.
    	The burning of Burton’s store and Uzzel’s printing establishment between 2 and 3 o’clock this morning brought an end to the excitement for by that time nearly all of the colored people had disappeared. 
    	The real disturbance began last night when colored people hiding in a vacant lot close by a picket fence fired on the stage coach on its way to Tasley. None of the occupants were injured but the mailbags were riddled and there were numerous punctures in the baggage of the frightened passengers. The shooting was done by colored people, then under the impression that one of their race, charged with the row which took place earlier in the evening.
    	Immediately after the attack on the coach the colored people gathered in Burton’s store, and the white’s feared that they were preparing for another attack. The house was surrounded, and for an hour an armed mob of white citizens waited until the arrival of reinforcements before the actual opening of hostilities.
    	From the surrounding country men were hurrying here by hand cars, on horse back, in buggies and a foot. When the crowd was regarded as sufficiently strong to deal with the seventy-five colored men hiding in the store, a signal was given and hundreds of bullets were fired into doors and windows of the structure. Then the whites waited again. No sound came from the building. The colored men had escaped, one at a time from a door in the rear.
Night Made Hideous.
Meanwhile the night was hideous with the constant rattle of musketry. From all sides came the roar of shotguns, scream now and then terrified colored people in hovels, here there and yonder.
The whites patrolled the streets expecting the colored men to appear at any moment. Finally the store of Burton, colored, blazed suddenly from the rear, and in a short while it was a moss of ruins, the stock being estimated in value at $3,500.
In a few moments the printing shop of Uzzel was set on fire and was totally consumed.
Around the ruins one hundred white men, fully armed marched, expecting an attack from the colored men, reports having been started that they were preparing to retaliate. In the meantime, a notice had been posted on the door of a colored preacher telling him that he would not live to remember the consequences if he did not leave Onancock by 9 o’clock Monday morning. The preacher brazenly faced the armed guard, and, with the notice in his hands demanded the reason for putting it on his door.
“Can’t you read?” shouted a citizen. “It means exactly what it says.” The colored man trembled. He was disposed at first to stand on his rights, but he feared the consequences, and this afternoon he had left town.
Onancock, Va,. August 12.-Chief developments today in the situation here where race-rioting has occurred intermittently since Saturday, afternoon, were the action of the Town Council to expel bad Negroes and the presence and address of Governor Swanson to the people, urging them to be calm and promising to chase down the guilty, no matter what the cost and effort necessary.
The Onancock Council has been in session very nearly all day to decide what course to take in regard to the Negro rioters. At an early hour this morning an ordinance was passed by the Town Council to drive out of the neighborhood eight colored men who were supposed to be part of the riot leaders. Notices were served on them to vacate the town before 4 o’clock this afternoon, which they did as far as can be learned.
Drastic Ordinances.
    	The Council also passed an ordinance prohibiting any colored man, woman or child being in the white district after 8 o’clock, in the evening. One colored man by the name of Hall made a remark that he would die in his shoes before he would leave the town. He was seen at 3 o’clock on the Main Street and warned to leave immediately, which it is supposed that he did, as he started toward that he did, as he started toward the steamboat wharf in order to reach there before the boat left.
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1907-08-17</text>
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                <text>50 Colored Families Ordered To Leave.</text>
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              <text>Emma Alvarez</text>
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              <text>500 foreigners are “invited” to watch Felix Radzius, a Polish man, get hanged for his murder of a woman and her child.</text>
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              <text>Lynching</text>
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              <text>Pottsville, Pa., May 27.-- In order that they may go among their countrymen and impress upon them the enormity of the crime of murder and the punishment that the law of this country calls for, 500 Slavs, Hungarians, Poles, Italians, Russians, Lithuanians, and other foreigners were invited to attend the execution here of Felix Razius, a young Pole, convicted of the murder of a woman and her child at Shenandoah six months ago. The hanging took place in the yard  of the Schuylkill county prison. The execution was not a public one in the sense that every one who went to the jail was admitted, but the sheriff was quite liberal in the distribution of tickets, and the foreigners, who were all eager to see the hanging, took all they could get, and long before the time set for the opening of the jail gates, they swarmed about the place. The idea of having present representatives of the various foreign elements in this section of the coal region originated with Sheriff Clay Evans, who thought the story of the execution, as told from the lips of the foreigners, would have a salutary effect in curbing the murderous tendency of some of the lawless element. Just before the march to the scaffold Radzius made a complete confession of the Shenandoah murders and confirmed the information the police had that he had been guilty of committing a murder in Russian Poland. Radzius said he killed a man in his old home three years ago and that he fled to this country to avoid arrest. He appeared to be greatly relieved after admitting his crimes and walked with a firm step between two priests to his death. As the prisoner stepped into the yard there was a stir and a buzz of talk that made him start slightly and he glanced hurriedly over the big throng that hemmed him in, he gave no sign of recognition to any, however, as he walked through walls of humanity to the gallows...</text>
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                <text>May15-500 See Man Hanged</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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