3 10 300 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Student Name Emma Roberts Summary Jim Crow” streetcars are brought to Washington by Representative Hefin in hopes to further segregate the races. Item Type Article Image No URL https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&d=RP19060407&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN------- Topic Social Change Times Repeated Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound Want “Jim Crow” Cars In Washington Washington, March 31.-- A bill was introduced by Representative Heflin of Alabama to compel street railway companies in this city to provide and operate separate street cars for negro passengers, and to make it unlawful for street car companies to allow white and negro passengers to ride in the same car under a fine of $100 for each offense. Location Upper Right Quadrant Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 19060307-Want “Jim Crow” Cars In Washington -EmmaRoberts Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <i>Richmond Planet</i> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906-03-07 Title A name given to the resource Want “Jim Crow” Cars In Washington Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Student Name Brian Schrott Summary A black woman graduated from Vassar College in New York after keeping her race a secret. Item Type Article Image No URL https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&d=RP18970821.1.1&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN------- Topic Social Change Times Repeated Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound Poughkeepsie, N. Y., Aug. 16. – Vassar College and Poughkeepsie society circles are much exercised over a story that one of the graduates of the institution last June was a colored woman. She came, it is said, from Boston, but the faculty is carefully guarding her identity. The only members of the class of’97 from Boston was Anita Florence Hemmings, and it Is now recalled that a Boston paper in commenting on the graduating of a colored man, Fred J. Hemmings, from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, stated that he had a sister at Vassar. It is claimed that the young woman, with the faculty’s aid, kept her secret so well that not until weeks after her graduation did it become known that the “beautiful brunette,” as she was called, was actually a member of the colored race. She is said to have communicated that fact to a professor on the eve of her leaving here. It is said that the faculty after deliberating on her case decided that they could not do otherwise than grant her a diploma inasmuch as she had satisfactorily completed the four years’ regular course. Whatever the young woman’s name was she was an acknowledged belle and quite popular. Her complexion was rich and beautiful, and she was supposed by everyone to be a member of a fine old New England family. Her hair was black and straight, and her eyes dark and brilliant. Her manners, carriage and speech were those of a highly refined woman. She was president of the Founders’ Day, Philalethian Day and commencement day exercises. Companion Found Her Out But there is another curious story connected with her. Her identity is said to have been discovered first by her room-mate during the “beautiful brunette’s” senior year. The girl’s statement about her relatives and their stylish manner of life led her roommate to repeat them to her father, a business man. He became interested and caused inquiry to be made in Boston. He learned that the woman’s father was a respectable colored man who owned a small estate. The story leaked out, and, unable to bear gossip, it is said, the colored girl told one of the professors the truth. She was a woman and she pleaded so eloquently with President Taylor, who is also kind-hearted, that the whole affair was hushed up and the young woman allowed to graduate. Treasurer Dean, of the college, emphatically denies that a colored woman graduated this year, but the reports about her are rife, notwithstanding. Location Upper Right Quadrant Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18970821-Vassar Graduated a Colored Woman Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <i>Richmond Planet</i> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1897-08-21 Title A name given to the resource Vassar Graduated a Colored Woman Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Student Name Nathan Lyell Summary The Planet tackles the Times’ changing opinion of African Americans alive and post-mortem. Item Type Article Image No URL https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&d=RP19010202.1.5&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN------- Topic Social Change Times Repeated Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound The Richmond, Va., Times thanks to its editorial articles of January 29tn and 39th, 1901, has set the pace or rather provided the rule by which we may determine when a Negro is a gentleman and when he is only a sensible Negro. According to its reasoning, when a Democratic Negro is dead, he becomes a Virginia gentleman and when he is alive, he is a sensible Negro. In speaking of Mr. Walker Howard (colored) it says: “The death of Walker Howard (colored), for many years janitor of the states Capitol, is a public loss. He knew the history of every article of interest in the historic old building and it was his pride as well as his pleasure to describe them in his own inimitable way to visitors and generally to exploit the glories of the commonwealth. He was a romancer as well as a historian and sometimes he made statements which could not be found in the records. But whether in his naratives he drew from the pages of history or from his own imagination, it was all for the glory of Old Virginia. Walker Howard was a good citizen, a true patriot, a staunch Democrat, an old fashioned Virginia gentleman. In life he enjoyed the respect and good will of his fellow citizens and in death he is genuinely lamented.” So much for that. We can testify to the worth of this colored man of the old school. He was a type of the ante-bellum Negro, who even now exercises so much influence upon the ex-slave owners and are virtually the pets of aristocracy of other days. But Mr. John E. Eppa did not except Mr. Howard from the operations of the “Jim Crow” Car Bill. He classes him with all of the other Negroes, and placed the same restrictions upon the offspring of Walker Howard that he did upon the sorriest Negro jail-bird who appears from time to time in Justice Crutchfield’s court. Moreover the Times has been advocating the disfranchisement of this “old Virginia gentleman.” It has urged the changing of the Constitution of Virginia, the obliteration of the Bill of Rights, and the relegating of this man and his children to a condition of slavery as galling to agree man as slavery itself. But, Walker Howard is dead, and like “the only good Indian is a dead Indian,” so is he when silent forever—“an old Virginia gentleman.” The compliment denied him when he lived is tendered him when he is dead. But enough about Mr. Howard. Now as to the sensible Negro: He is a live citizen of color and has not according to the rule laid down by the Times, reached that stage of greatness, namely: death, where he, too, can be called an old Massachusetts gentleman. But what does the Times say? It announces that this sensible Negro, William H. Thomas, with whom it agrees then disagrees has written a book on, “The American Negro.” It says: “He is said to be a man of intelligence and culture and his book is referred back to those who have read it in complimentary terms.” Mark you, Walker Howard, the uneducated Negro is a gentlemen and William H Thomas, the educated Negro is a man. This is discrimination in favor of illiteracy with a vengeance. It remarks: “He does not care for the political rights of his race as long as they are unable to make any intelligent use of them. ‘We may easily admit’, he writes, ‘that it was a caricature on manhood suffrage to invest wit civic functions ignorant beings clothed in patches, sleeping in hovels and scarcely one remove in intelligence from their inseparable animal companions of plantation life.’” This is argument against our form of government as much so as it is against the Negro. Washington and the signers of the Declaration contended against England for the very rights and privileges which Mr. Thomas and the Times denounce. There were thousand of ignorant illiterate, white people in the Continental Army who were clothed in patches and who slept in hovels and scarcely one remove in intelligence from their inseparable animal companions of plantation life. The British Generals and the members of Parliament did not fail to say so either. But who could have dared to declare that it was a caricature on manhood suffrage to have invested them civil rights. Moreover, no intelligent Negro has demanded other than that racial discriminations shall not be exercised. If the ignorant white man is to be barred from the exercise of manhood suffrage along with the ignorant black man, there will be no protest from this quarter. But show us a southern state that will do this. They disfranchise the intelligent Negro and admit the ignorant white man to all of the rights of suffrage, and the Times backs them up in his policy. If Mr. Thomas wants his suffrage taken from him, what is he doing in Massachusetts? Why is he not in God forsaken in Louisiana and Mississippi and South Carolina where the Negro gets patches on his knees by supplicating God so often for the amerlioration of his condition? No, position is that any man who is good enough to fight for government is good enough to enjoy all the rights and privileges that its constitution can confer. When the national and state government exempts the Negro from taxation and the liability to military service, then it will be time enough for it to exempt him from the right to vote at the polls. The Times: “To bring this about he [Thomas] would have Republican Administration in Washington distribute the officers among the leading whites of the different localities, selecting those who are naturally in sympathy with Republican sentiments but debarred from expressing them by reason of their of fear of Negro domination. With these for leaders and a steady propaganda for the extension of knowledge and pure religion among his fellow blacks, the author believes that the most serious problem in American government may be slowly and peacefully solved.” The above should fix Mr. Thomas’ statue as a political economist or a student of ethics. He left the domain of principle to tread in the valley of petty politics. Hon. Grover Cleveland adopted this policy of appointments in the south and the so-called race questions was as prominent a factor in public affairs as ever before. This policy is in vogue now in every south of the Mason and Dixon line, with the possible exception of West Virginia. But the Times shows that Mr. Thomas argues not only in favor of his own slavery, but that of his people when it says: “We have never seen a stranger argument from any source for repeal of the Fifteenth Amendment. It was this stupid blunder that got the Negro into trouble and caused the “outrages and miseries of reconstruction,” and as the author of this book says, the Negro was not directly responsible.” It then unloads this sensible Negro by virtually saying he is wrong. It concludes: “but the remedy which he suggests would not be effective. The only way to build up a respectable Republican party in the south is to eliminate, for a time at least, the Negro vote. This in our opinion would be the greatest possible boon to the black man. His right to vote has done him no good, but only harm and he would have been far better off all these years without it.” The argument of Mr. Thomas and these white southerners against the Negro is the same logic used by Great Britain towards its American colonists. Nay more, it is the same advanced against the Boers and by the American authorities against the inhabitants of the Philippines. When we get to that point that we argue in favor of depriving ourselves of rights and privileges and the debasement of the American citizenship which has been conferred, we shall expect some kind friend to cage us and put us in some zoological park where we shall hope to keep company with the Times’ editor and the sensible Negro, Thomas, who had gone on before. Location Upper Left Quadrant Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 19010202-TwoKindsofNegroes-Lyell Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <i>Richmond Planet</i> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1901-02-02 Title A name given to the resource Two Kinds of Negroes Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Student Name Ryan Shah Summary A diphtheria disease outbreak infects two families, causing the Board of Health to quarantine them. Item Type Article Image No URL https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&d=RP19051118.1.1&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN------- Topic Social Change Times Repeated Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound Mr. and Mrs. E. R. Carter, No. 700 N. 5th St. has been afflicted in that one of their children, Caroline, has been ill with the diphtheria. Mr. and Mrs. Abram L. Morton, 117 E. Leigh are similarly afflicted in that their daughter, Fanny, is suffering with the same malady. The Board of Health has placed large cards on the front, with the disease printed in red letters thereon and warning persons not to go in the house as the disease is contagious. Mr. Morton was out of Moore School one week, but is now teaching again. Location Lower Left Quadrant Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Two Families Afflicted Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <i>Richmond Planet</i> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1905-11-18 Title A name given to the resource Two Families Afflicted Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Student Name Megan Brooks Summary Members of the community thought “the [street] cars are being run for white people only” due to increase of colored people walking. Item Type Article Image No URL https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&d=RP19040604&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN------- Topic Social Change Times Repeated Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound No colored who reside is this city has yet been caught in the “Jim Crow” street-car trap. It would seem to an observer that the cars were being run for white people only, so few are the number of colored people seen on them. The morning travel is also very light. Colored laborers are walking and the drays, produce and delivery wagons haul quite a number down town free of charge. It is a source of great inconvenience to many, but they heroically walk despite the drawbacks. Many white people are also declining to patronize the street cars. They do not like the idea of being ordered around by many “green” conductors now in the company's employ. It is a noticeable fact that the law is being disregarded in many instances and white people may be sitting anywhere they please. The conductors are only reporting the most arbitrary and provoking violation of the rules. The only colored person arrested thus far was a visitor and the following item shows the scandalous way in which she was treated buy the Richmond, Va., News-Leader of the 31st ult., Location Upper Left Quadrant Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Trouble on The Street-Cars Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <i>Richmond Planet</i> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1904-06-04 Title A name given to the resource Trouble on The Street-Cars Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Student Name Megan Brooks Summary The Planet details injustices inflicted on black passengers on the local streetcars. Item Type Article Image No URL https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&d=RP19040116&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN------- Topic Social Change Times Repeated Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound Norfolk, Va., Jan. 13 1904   A million dollars having been subscribed by the people of Tidewater Virginia, including the many corporate and capitalist to the perpetuate the character of Jamestown Exposition, Congress will be doot at which these people are knocking and an appropriation in the millions is needed. As the Congress is republican and Congressman Slemp is the only republican  allowed in Congress from Virginia he is very sought after and without his assistance no appropriation will not be available  as the exposition is to celebrate the landing of the first white settlers in 1607.  Of course the “colored” man will of necessity be the guest of the nation.     One dollar and cost is what Justice Taylor imposes on a “colored” for spitting in a street car. This being the second arrest under the ordinance, although the habit is commonly indulged in. A “colored” woman the other day entered a crowded street car in which several white men were standing on the the rear platform and owing to the sudden starting of the car she lost her balance, catching herself in falling against one of the men who rudely pushed against the car saying: “ Get off of me nigger.” If this same class of white men would keep out of our homes and let our girls alone much of the race question would regulate itself.   One of the worst cases of alleged cruelty was aired in a Corporation Court this week when a Mrs. Annie Whaley was given five years in a penitentiary for malicious maiming Lillie Davis, a girl about 15 years old claimed by her as her niece. She owns Mrs.Whaley as her mother and claims that her father, a Mr. Davis, is still living in Norfolk about two years, coming from North Carolina.   A series of revival meetings are being held in St James A. M. E. Church  about three nights every week since the first of the year. The meetings are not well attended when the importance of revival meeting is considered….. Location Upper Left Quadrant Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Trouble on a Street- Car-Emancipation Celebration Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <i>Richmond Planet</i> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1904-01-09 Title A name given to the resource Trouble on a Street- Car-Emancipation Celebration. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Student Name Benton Camper Summary Blacks in Washington want to “fight Jim-Crow discrimination from the bottom up, starting at jails and workhouses”. Item Type Article Image No URL https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&d=RP19070727.1.4&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN------- Topic Social Change Times Repeated Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound Trouble At Washington. The colored people of Washington have deemed it proper to fight “Jim crow” discrimination in the jails and workhouses of the District. We cannot say that it makes much difference one way or the other in that department, but evidently the idea was to begin at the bottom and work upward. We cannot see that there should be any discrimination in Washington, in view that the Civil Rights Bill as enacted into law is in full force and effect. We are of the opinion that indiscreet utterances will do more harm than good. It is better to wield the weapon than it is to threaten to wield it as these white folks are very well posted as to our strength is any direction, and they are also kept well informed by conveniently inclined colored folks as to our dispositions and temperaments. Our experience has been that there is relatively more race prejudice in Washington than there is in Richmond. The colored people of Washington, or, at least, some of them, are largely responsible for this anti-Negro feeling. Many colored people, who move to these sections do not seem to know the value of politeness. They are loud in demanding their rights and slow in enforcing them when they are denied. In their impotency they give voice to language that tends to estrange people who would be disposed to champion their cause. The greatest draw-back is our poverty. The vaporings of a moneyless people have a tendency to awaken ridicule. We should accumulate money. A man who is not able to contend for his rights upon his own responsibility is handicapped in court before his case is even heard. The law is so construed as to permit a Negro-hating white man to do just as he pleases, and it takes the best white talent with the best kind of gentlemanly Negro material to get a favorable decision in a court of law. Some of our people will yet realize that a reversal of these onerous conditions will take place in the South-land. When white southerners champion our cause, as they will ultimately do, the Northern acrobat on the bench of the Supreme Court of the United States will be as forward in ruling in our favor as he has been in rendering decisions against us. For our part, we have been relegated to the Devil, so to speak, and all applications for relief on our part are now being addressed to His Majesty. When colored folks are discriminated against in the jails of Washington, the official home of President Roosevelt, whose word there is law and whose nod is a command, then we might as well “hang our harp upon the willow” and be silent for many days. Location Lower Left Quadrant Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 19070727-Trouble At Washington.-Camper Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <i>Richmond Planet</i> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1907-07-27 Title A name given to the resource Trouble At Washington. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Student Name Ryan Shah Summary A doctor claims that using tobacco worsens hearing and “cautions moderation in the use of the drug.” Item Type Article Image No URL https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&d=RP19050225.1.7&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN------- Topic Social Change Times Repeated Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound Tobacco has been discovered by M. Delie, a French physiologist, to have a selective action upon the auditory nerve. He therefore cautions moderation in the use of the drug, and avoiding it altogether where deafness has already begun, or where there is a family history of such troubles. Location Upper Right Quadrant Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Tobacco and Deafness Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <i>Richmond Planet</i> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1905-02-25 Title A name given to the resource Tobacco and Deafness Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Student Name Megan Brooks Summary Mr. Jones, a jersey Preacher intends to test the “Jim Crow” laws by “riding cars provided for white people exclusively.” Item Type Article Image No URL https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&d=RP19041217.1.4&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN------- Topic Social Change Times Repeated Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound Jersey Preacher- Going South to Make Fight. Elizabeth, J, Dec 12.-Rev. Taylor Jones has started on a trip with the purpose of making a test of the “Jim Crow” laws of the southern states. It is said that he is backed by a number of colored organizations of New York and New Jersey, and that he will be gone for several weeks. Mr. Jones will first present a protest to the authorities of Maryland, Virginia, North and South Carolina, and if no attention is paid to the protest Mr. Jones will, it is said, riding cars provided for white people exclusively. If ejected he will take the case to the highest courts on the ground of the unconstitutionality of the laws. Location Lower Left Quadrant Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context To Test Jim Crow Law Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <i>Richmond Planet</i> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1904-12-17 Title A name given to the resource To Test Jim Crow Law Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Student Name Alan Banuchi Summary Thousands of people in Asiatic Turkey are massacred due to the stage of siege, and warships now on their coasts as well. Item Type Article Image No URL https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&d=RP19090508&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN------- Topic Social Change Times Repeated Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound Beirut, April 26. – The situation in Asiatic Turkey is one of extreme gravity. How many thousands have been, massacred cannot even be estimated, because disturbances have been so widespread that it is impossible to secure details of the happenings during the past ten days. The latest estimates of the number killed in the villayet of Adana reaches approximately 25,000, and thousands have been done to death in the towns and other districts. The state of siege, which several places are undergoing, has brought their inhabitants to the verge of starvation, and each day brings its tales of further atrocities and the depths of misery and despair to which the savagery of the fanatics has brought the people. Several warships are now in these waters, but the disorders are so far-reaching that the efforts of the powers to restore normal conditions have as yet hardly been felt. Location Upper Right Quadrant Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context May - 1909 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <i>Richmond Planet</i> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909-05-08 Title A name given to the resource Thousands Massacred