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              <text>A cautious analysis and endorsement of Gov. O’Ferrall’s inauguration address.</text>
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              <text>The inauguration of Hon. Charles T O’Ferrall as Governor of Virginia took place last Monday/ His address was scholarly and able. He gave expression to views which would seem to indicate that prejudice will not predominate in the administration of the duties of his office. He said:

“In the performance of the functions of my high office I shall endeavor to be just at all times, knowing no section, but only the whole State, no class, nut only the whole people. I shall take care that no discrimination is made in public favors, and so far as I can in matters of legislation. Equal and exact justice to all, special privileges or immunities to none, is the doctrine of the political school in which I was taught, and I shall be true to it.”

The above is well stated. It reads like the sentiments of President Grover Cleveland. And again: 

“I shall see that the laws are rigidly enforced in all respects and that good order prevail throughout our limits. I hope most earnestly that if there be any turbulent tendency anywhere it will be subdues, that passion will always be subordinated to reason, and that there will be no occasion to resort to harsh means to insure the public peace; but if riot or disorder should occur, whether in the crowded city of rural district, and the local authorities are unequal to the task of quickly suppressing it, no time will be lost by me, as the executive officer in using the power of the Commonwealth to restore the supremacy of the law, let it cost what it may, in [unintelligible]”
This is a notice to lynchers that their days of bloodshed and revelry are at an end. The majesty of the law will be maintained.
He does not seem to believe that those who have engaged in lynching are composed of native Virginians, if we are not to judge from the following utterances:

“So far as I am informed the State was never more quiet and peaceful, but in any country that is developing rapidly adventurers, livers by their wits, and even fugitives from the law’s vengeance elsewhere, will gather, and it is well for all such classes to understand that there will be no temporizing here with law breakers or law-defiers.”

The following is virtually a reply to Gov. McKinney’s pernicious doctrine that the white people educate the Negroes, conveying the impression that it is an act of charity, yielding no commensurate benefit:

“Our educational interests will have my fostering care. It has been said that ‘education is a better safeguard of liberty than a standing army,’ and ‘school houses ate our country’s line of fortifications.” I would emphasize these declarations so full of wisdom. I believe in universal taxation for universal education.

‘Tis education forms the common mind; Just as the twig is the bent the tree's inclined.’

The sure foundation of a State is laid in knowledge, not in ignorance, and when there is a universal suffrage there should be universal education, for the more general the diffusion of knowledge the more general does public virtue prevail, and in a republican government, where the people govern, the hand that casts a ballot should have behind it a mind power of intelligence. Besides, this is a land with without kings, princes, potentates or sovereigns, without hereditary offices of honor, and where energy, talent, and virtue can rise from the humblest to the highest station. But how difficult it is when the hard hand of poverty is bearing down the struggling, aspiring climber, unless he can receive the mental training necessary to strengthen him for the arduous ascent, and how many noble and promising spirits have fallen on the wayside for the want of support.”

His references to the volunteer soldiery will be read with interest and colored militiamen will realize their importance while the citizens at large will have a just appreciation of the service they stand ready to render:
“I would be false to my feelings, false to the dictates of justice and false to the welfare of the State. If I did not speak on Virginia’s volunteer soldiery. There battalions before me are the mainstay of the law in times of turmoil and trouble. They are the mighty peacemakers, the potential factors in maintaining order and suppressing mob violence. They should receive at the hands of our legislator such support as will make their organization a credit to the State-an ornament to the Commonwealth.”

The inaugural address is that of a statesman. Gov. O’Ferrall has declared great principles, and if he be guided by their teachings the close of his administration will shed lustre around his name, and leave to his children a heritage resplendent with great achievements.
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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                <text>1894-01-06</text>
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                <text>Gov. O’Ferrall’s Inaugural</text>
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              <text>The Richmond Dispatch confesses electoral fraud in Virginia.</text>
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              <text>The Richmond, (Va.) Dispatch has been discussing the subject of election fraud in Virginia with the Richmond, (Va.) Daily Times.&#13;
	It has persistently declared that it knew of no fraud in Virginia so far as our elections are concerned. Although the Daily Times had cited cases, it refused to give credence to the testimony and declared that the grand juries and prosecuting attorneys would sift the matter if there was any truth in the allegations.&#13;
	But if we are to judge from its utterances in its tissues of the 17th inst it was not so ignorant as it professed to be. Here is what it says:&#13;
&#13;
“There never was a time when frauds in elections were not committed in Virginia and everywhere else; but we sincerely believe that the frauds committed at elections in this State have been exaggerated a hundred-fold.”&#13;
&#13;
The Daily Times has done the people of the state a lasting service. Its success in making the blind see and the deaf hear as is evidenced by the above extract is highly gratifying.</text>
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              <text>The federal government’s budget under Cleveland’s Administration is in crisis.</text>
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              <text>Secretary Carlisle reports that there will be an annual deficit in the United States Treasury of more than seventy-eight millions.
	He is urging Congress to come to his rescue by authorizing him to issue bonds for two hundred million dollars payable in specie. He will this be able to replenish the gold reserve and meet the current expenses of the government.
	President Cleveland has been particularly unfortunate in the selection of his cabinet. 
	If the material utilized was the best and ablest in the Party, it is plainly evident that it needs to inaugurate a search for men of brains.
	According to the annual report of the Secretary Carlisle, he estimated the annual deficiency at twenty-eight millions. He now “goes it fifty millions better” and appears before the country in the great “crying act” of asking for the authority to borrow money.
	He has that authority already, so far as replenishing the gold reserve fund is concerned but has persistently refused to use the lawful expedients which are at hand.
	The bitterest enemy of the Democratic Party could not have prophesied a more humiliating condition than that to which [unintelligent] is being treated.
	There ar breakers ahead and it is thought that “the worst is not yet.” Secretary Carlisle has since decided to issue bonds for fifty million dollars.
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              <text>The Negro Democratic League of America pushes for President Cleveland to appoint a “Negro” to an office.</text>
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              <text>The Richmond, Va., Daily Times in its issue of the 20th inst. After quoting from the address the delegation of colored men, styling themselves the Negro Democratic League of America who visited Mr. Cleveland, asking him to again nominate colored men to three or more permanent position, with the office of Recordership of Deeds inclusive says:

“Prior to Mr. Cleveland’s first administration, the scoundrels who cursed the Southern States kept the Negroes constantly agitated with the fear that Democratic ascendancy in the nation meant a re enslavement of them. It was one of Mahone’s chief methods of holding the Negroes in a solid mass in the presidential election of 1884. Mr. Cleveland’s course in that administration showed the Negro that this sort of talk was the baldest nonsense, and it was the first event since the war that started the disintegration of the Negro party in the South.”

It further says:

“The President listened attentively and in reply said that he had in no measure changed his policy in relation to the proper recognition of the Negro race for the selection of men for office. He said he had not been disconcerted or turned away from his purpose by the rejection of Astwood's nomination to be [unitelligent] to Calais, or by the failure of the [unintelligent’ to take action on the appointment [unitelligent] as minister to Bolivia [unintelligent] had asked him to appoint [unitelligent] recorder of deeds for the District of Columbia, and, while not implying directly to that request, his general remarks were taken as being indicative of a favorable leaving in that direction.”

But, sir, the bourbon Negro-hating Democratic whites did more to emphasize these assertions than ever did the “scoundrels” or Gen. Mahone ever did. They abused, maltreated and threatened us. The Daily Times does not think a colored man should be appointed Recorder of Deeds, although ex-Senator B. k. Bruce, a colored man occupies that position now. We however agree with the following:

“But Mr. Cleveland is rendering the South as immense service in his general policy towards the Negro, for as the Negro comes to understand who his real friends are, the solid Negro party will be dissolved and become a thing of the past if it is not already so.”

But, sir, the position you endorse is giving the Negro-haters the gripes and the Dispatch, the epizooty:- How could you all be so cruel?</text>
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              <text>A diplomat of the United States refuses to meet with the President of the new nation of Haiti.</text>
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              <text>No</text>
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          <name>URL</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="19655">
              <text>
It is reported that Hon. Henry M. Smythe, of graham, Va., who was sent by President Cleveland as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary Minister to Hayti had rendered himself unacceptable to that government by his meddling with the methods in vogue there, and making recommendation before he was asked to do so.
 
The possibility that Mr. Smythe will be recalled and allowed to again enjoy himself in the backwoods of the mountainous lands of Virginia.
 
It will be remembered that Afro-American representatives to this black republic were said to have been lacking in the essential qualities necessary to complete diplomatic success, and that white men should be sent there, as they could command more respect and secure concessions to this government which could not be obtained by an Afro-American representative. 
 
The opinion was not doubt due to the feeling of awe which exists in some portions of the South among the colored people when they come in contact with members of the white race. 
 
But the Haitians are educated in France, along with white men. From an educational or a diplomatic standpoint, Minister Smythe is their inferior.
 
If the reports given out of his actions are true, he has been guilty of the most flagrant abuse of diplomatic etiquette and is even now no doubt the laughing stock of the representatives in the foreign legations.
 
He no doubt regards the representatives of the government of the government to which he is accredited as negroes on a level with those he had been accustomed to meet in the United States.
 
As a matter of fact, they have made him appear ridiculous, and may wind up his career of pomposity by giving him passports and this sending him home.
 
Unless he is certain of being sent somewhere else he won’t want to come since dollars bearing the government stamp are scarce in the neighborhood of Graham, Va., and business at its lowest ebb.
 
We see it announced that he declines to accepts an invitation to dine with the black President, and talk the matter over. 
 
This was a serious breach of diplomatic etiquette. Possibly President Hippolyte did not know that a southerner would consider it an insult to be invited to dine with a Negro, and would resent with a shotgun, the attempt of a Negro to dine with him.
 
Possibly Mr. Smythe carried these notions with him to Haiti. But what has become of his scheme to secure the mole St. Nicholas as a coaling station for United States vessel? It was declared that a white man could secure this coveted spot for the purpose set forth.
 
Another theory has been exploded and it is now announced that President Cleveland has not hesitated to declare that his appointment of Mr.Smythe was a mistake. And so his last charge against Negro representatives has been exploded...
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                <text>Another Diplomatic Blunderer</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="19371">
              <text>Carlos Serrano</text>
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              <text>Black men have yet to be confirmed into a position in the Democrat-controlled federal government.</text>
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              <text>No</text>
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              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP18940310&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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              <text>Government and Politics</text>
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              <text/>
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              <text>We have waited long to see what would be done in the matter of the appointment of colored men to representative positions, but as yet no word has come from the White House that any of the plums which are fast disappearing will be left for the colored brother.
It is manifestly impossible to secure the confirmation of any colored man who has been nominated to a position held by a white one. 
We do not see how the colored Democratic contingent can reconcile itself to the situation.
It seems that money and patience has ebbed away. Even the indefatigable, Hon, C.H.J. Taylor has grown weary, and settled down to the task of fighting Jim Crow Los of Kentucky to while away the time.
The Liberian Mission is still vacant. No white man seems to want it.
As to who will succeed Hon. B.K. Bruce as Recorder of Deeds is a matter of conjecture.
If a colored man is appointed, the worshipped of Mr. Cleveland and his principles - Hon. C.H.J Taylor will surely loom up as a sure winner. He is a man, who cannot be gotten rid of by promises or delay.
His fat, rotund figure must be elevated to a position with a good fat salary attached.
We shall watch the outlooks with much interest, knowing as we do that Negro Democracy is much depressed in spirit and even now is washing the earth with its tears.
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              <text>Upper Left Quadrant</text>
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                <text>Colored Democrats Forgotten</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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                <text>1894-03-10</text>
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          <name>Student Name</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="19293">
              <text>Carlos Serrano</text>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>A plea from a newspaper asking for Virginians to question the passing of the Watson Bill as it is voted in the House of Delegates.</text>
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              <text>No</text>
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          <name>URL</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="19304">
              <text>The Petersburg (VA) Index-Appeal in its issue of the 11th Inst. gives encouagement to the right thinking Christian element of the commonwealth, when in reply to the Richmond (VA) Dispatch. It says:
 
“The Dispatch objects to the term, ‘dominant faction’ as applied to the differecnes of opinion which certainly exist in the Democratic Party in Virginia. Perhaps the expression might be qualified to advantadge, as we are not among those who would like to see an actual division in the Party on any issue that can be avoided. But it is certainly true that the party is spilt upon the question of an honest and reasonable election law.”
 
And again:
 
“When the vote was first taken in the house of delegates on the bill engrafting certaun feautures of the Australian ballot upon the Anderson-McCormick system, the result was the defeat of the proposition by 41 yeas and 42 nays. The result, if it indicated anything at all, went to prove that the party, so far as its representatives in thie general assembly can speak for it, is about evenly divided on the most important question now before it. The subsquent reconsideration and passing of the measure have little significance except to show that party discipline was brought to bear upon the members, and that they yielded against their original convictions-which may be their convictions now, as well as we can tell.”
 
It asserts:
 
“They indicated a strong and resolute determinanion in several quarters of the state to make the question of honest elections an issue henceforth. On the other hand, there was equally as strong expressions in favor of a law and practice which would give certain advantages not in accord with the full and unrestricted right of suffrage. Here were certainly two diagonally opposed shades of opinion between which there cannot be any truce or compromise short of absolute fairness and honesty in elections. So we affirm that unless elections hereafter are conducted with perfect squareness the question between between the two shades of opinion which were represented in legislature will be transferred to the people for final settlement.”...</text>
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                <text>A Ray of Hope</text>
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                <text>1894-03-17</text>
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          <name>Student Name</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="19111">
              <text>Carlos Serrano</text>
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        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Summary</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="19114">
              <text>Martial law is imposed after the government fails to enforce the dispensary law, which create government-owned liquor stores.</text>
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              <text>No</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="19122">
              <text>
The recent outbreak at Darlington, South Carolina over the effort of the state officials to enforce the obnoxious dispensary law is not at all surprising to one who has paid any attention to the history of the state. These people have been taught to regard lightly their obligation made to maintain and support the national government, and this very doctoring has borne fruit which will tend to the open eyes of the average conservative South Carolinian to the danger involved.
When State troops can with impunity refuse to obey the orders of their commanding officers and expand in the face of a grave crisis, without inviting severe and summary punishment; it becomes plainly apparent that the state government is too Loosely constructed and may go to pieces at any time that the winds and Caprices of these men so the tree.
We are of Governor BR. we neither like the man nor his methods. We neither Advocate his policy nor favor the laws which have been enacted it at his dictation.
But they are the laws of the state of South Carolina, and if constitutional should be enforced.
There is far more danger in the spirit of insurrection manifested than in the enforcement of bad and the chiveas laws.
This lawlessness however has been to a large extent encouraged by the same governor who is so forward and exercising the powers of the state to accomplish its suppression.
He it was who openly favored Lynch law. He it was who sent an innocent colored man into a county to be Tried by an irresponsible body of men who had no standing in law.
She it was who has been the leader of the later day demagogy, and has tended to lower in the public estimation the respect for the gubernatorial office by his appeals to Prejudice and his disregard of reason.
In the present trying moments, South Carolina is ripping her reward. Bloodhounds which have been accustomed to hunt Negroes have been turned upon white men, and the thrilling account sent broadcast over the country make us think of the days of the past when the distant baying of the animals...</text>
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              <text>President Cleveland vetoed the Bland Seigniorage Bill, a bill that would have converted the Silver bullion in the treasury into coin, causes objections from the Southern and Western States.</text>
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              <text>President Cleveland's veto of the Bland Seignoirage Bill has caused much unfavorable criticism in the southern and western states and threatened with destruction the party he represent.
His main objection is that to coin all of the silver bullion in the treasury and thereby secure the the Seignoirage they're on would be to inflate the currency at you further increase the Beavers condition in the money market.
It would tend to disturb the parity between silver and gold, and the consequences might be disastrous to the nation's interest.
The president States very plainly, however, that he would sign such a bill as the one just vetoed, provided it was property drawn up and also gave the Authority for the issuance by the Secretary of the Treasury of sufficient bond for the replenishing of the gold reserve. The present condition of the country requires the attention of the most skillful financers who are also imbued with a patriotic love of country.
We regret to say that mr. Carlisle has demonstrated his incapacity in the position to which he has been assigned and it will be a long time before the country will again be burdened with an official whose knowledge of Finance is Elementary well his desire for spoils is abnormal.</text>
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                <text>The President’s Veto</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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                <text>1894-04-07</text>
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                <text>The President’s Veto</text>
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              <text>Carlos Serrano</text>
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              <text>A Democratic politician, who made speeches against black people, was found dead under the bed of a black prostitute.</text>
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              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP18940414&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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              <text>We are opposed to this mixing. White men should stick to their own women. They charge us with immorality and yet they are parties to the immoral acts.
He was found there-under a Negro prostitute's bed. 
We refer to a prominent white Democratic politician of Fluvanna Co. whose name was Charles S. Thomas and who no doubt had made speeches in his lifetime against the Negro.
He died in the room of a Negro woman; one whom a respectable colored man would not look upon save with contempt. In her dusky arm he had lain, and ere morning came death's icy hand touched him and he fell to rise no more. 
They tried to claim he was murdered but lt would not do. He died of the hemorrhage of the lungs, and leaves a wife and five children. He was a member of the Virginia legislature as late as '91-2 and was it one time deacon of a church. 
How has the mighty fallen!
We are sorry he fell by the wayside, but we have warned white men about their lascivious dispositions, advising them to live moral, upright lives. Why should Deacon Thomas love Mary Johnson? 
She was a Negro and he had a svlfe and five children. It is a sad ending and tends to show that after all the Negro has been the imitator rather than the originator of immorality. 
One of the Democratic dailies, The State inferred that this colored woman had pulled ex Legislator Thomas in. Here is what it says: 
"Several gentlemen who knew Mr. Thomas intimately say that he never frequented places of ill repute, but was in every way a strictly moral man. They believe that while he was in a state of intoxication he wandered past the house, and the girl upon recognizing him and his condition, pulled him in for the purpose of robbing him.” 
What was an ex-deacon doing intoxicated ? What was he doing in the neighborhood of Locust and Tobacco Alleys, a regular ranch for prostitutes? 
We warned him to let colored prostitutes alone, for when they are cast off by the race, they are bad indeed. 
Deacon Thomas has gone on before. May God have mercy upon him and may the suddenness of his taking off and the compromising nature of his surrounding be a warnlng to those who have been accustomed to do likewise. 
White men, stay away from colored women. Colored men, stay away from white women. 
Let us both do right and fear not.</text>
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              <text>Lower Left Quadrant</text>
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                <text>Died Under Her Bed</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="18974">
                <text>1894-04-14</text>
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