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              <text>Emma Roberts</text>
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              <text>Two men are identified and arrested as bank robbers and “leaders of the “Black Hand” in this region.”</text>
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              <text>“Black Hand” Leaders in Toils&#13;
Two Italians Held in $18,000 Bail for Dynamite Outrage&#13;
Sure Case Against Them&#13;
	Scranton, Pa. March, 21. -- Paul Trapi and Giuseppi Cagliano, the two Italians arrested while being handed marked money by Giovanni Fazio, a macaroni manufacturer, who, it is alleges, they had repeatedly threatened and whose store was dynamited New Years Ever, supposedly by these two, were given another hearing before Alderman Kasson and put under $10,000 additional bail, making $18,000 bail for each man. &#13;
At the hearing the young daughter of Fazio swore that Trapi is the man whom she saw throw the bomb which wrecked her father’s store. She was looking cut of a window on the second floor, where the family lived, when she noticed three men on the opposite side of the street. While she was watching them, one of them, who she identifies positively as Trapi, came across hurriedly and threw something on the porch of the store. Immediately there was an explosion, and the lower front of the building was wrecked Fazio himself swore positively that Trapi and Cagliano were the men who came to his store no less than 12 times after the explosion, demanding money to use their influence to prevent further explosions and the death of him and his family. According to Fazio’s daughter, they represented on one of their visits that they had been hired to “put him out of business” by a rival macaroni manufacturer, who is one of Scranton’s leafing and wealthiest citizens. &#13;
The purpose of the authorities in demanding such heavy bail is to prevent the possibility of a repetition of the experience in the JOhn Costa case. Costa was the leader of the Carbondale “Black Hand” and the police has a sure case against him. He got a trust company to go on his bail in the sum of $4000 and got out of jail. He at once fled to Italy. &#13;
Trapi, who has a number of aliases among them Pellegrino Niccoli, is said by the local police and Captain Walsh of the United States secret service, to be one of the men implicated in the “barrel mystery” in New York, in which it will be remembered a wealthy Buffalo Italian was wobber and murdered and his dismembered body put into a barrel. It is also said that he is wanted in Italy to serve 25 years for attempted murder and 15 years for felonious assault on a girl. He lived with his wife and children in Raymond court under the name of Trapi, but got his mail at 214 Linden street under the name of Pellegrino Quiero. &#13;
Both Trap and Cagliano are intelligent and prosperous looking. It is claimed by the police that they are the leaders of the “Black Hand” in this region and that between them they have extorted between $15,000 and $20,000 from Italian hereabouts.</text>
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              <text>Upper Right Quadrant</text>
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                <text>19060324-“Black Hand” Leaders in Toils-EmmaRoberts</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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                <text>1906-03-24</text>
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                <text>"Black Hand” Leaders in Toils</text>
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              <text>The US treasury in Chicago experiences the greatest robbery of federal money in history.</text>
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              <text>$173,000 Missing at U.S. Treasury
Strange Disappearance of Big Sum at Chicago.
Chicago, Feb. 26.-One of the largest, if not the largest, thefts from the United States treasury has been unearthed in Chicago. Somewhere between $170,000 and $175,000 was stolen from the local sub-treasury last week. The money has disappeared as completely as if it had vanished form the face of the earth.
             When interviewed in regard to the robbery, Sub-Treasurer Boldenweck admitted that a theft of $173,000 had been perpetrated, but refused to go into details.
             Mr. Boldenweck declared later that it had been definitely determined just where the shortage occurred, but he declined to say where it had been traced. He declared himself positive, however, that the money had never reached the vaults. He said that the only reason for believing that the stolen money had been in bills of large denomination was that it would have been impossible for anybody to take $173,000 from the office in small bills and escaped detection, but that a package of $173,000 in $1,000 bills could have been carried about the person easily without exciting suspicion.
             Every man who could have had anything to do with the case was called into Treasurer Boldenweck’s office and put through an exhaustive examination and a still more rigid cross-examination.</text>
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              <text>In Onacock, Virginia, black families receive notes on their door that threaten violence if they do not leave town.</text>
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              <text>50 Colored Families Ordered To Leave.
    	Onancock, VA., August 11.-While to-night finds this town and the Eastern Shore without actual outbreak or recurrence of the rioting of last night the situations here is grave in the extreme.
    	The day has been one of suppressed excitement and high tension. Not only were the printing office of the colored editor and the store of the colored merchant burned but the Governor has been appealed to rush arms to the citizens here with which they may protect their homes.
    	It is understood now that he will come in person to advise with the leading citizens as to what is best to be done.
    	Just a few minutes ago (10:30 P.M.) fifty colored families were ordered by the whites to leave Onancock by or before 9 A.M. Monday or there would be serious trouble. A colored minister finding this notice on his door on returning from church immediately vacated. Pickets are on duty at every corner keeping the town well guarded.
    	The printing office of the paper which belonged to James Uzzel, the colored editor, who was one of the leaders of the mob, and the storehouse of Samuel Burton, also a leader of the rioting last night, were burned to the ground by the whites early this morning.
    	Several colored people’s dwellings were riddled with bullets, but no one was seriously injured, excepting one colored man, who was shot in the shoulder. The colored men Burton and Uzzel, were thought to be in hiding places in the store which was burned this morning. This caused the burning of the buildings, which was done in a very quick time, by throwing oil and gasoline in the building and setting the torch. The building was surrounded to make sure that if the two colored men were there they would have no escape. Many of the whites, who toward midnight filled the streets of the town, had come from neighboring towns and country surroundings, lost no time in a search for the men who were especially wanted, being the ones that begun the shooting yesterday evening. But this search was in vain in every respect.
    	It is now supposed that both colored men made their escape from town, as the colored village was thoroughly searched this morning and no clue could be found of them. The other colored people are very quiet without their leaders, but still threaten.
Call on Governor to Furnish Arms to Citizens.
    	A mass-meeting was held this afternoon by the Town Council for the purpose of taking the following action:
    	First, To request the Governor of Virginia to rush arms for the citizens of the town.
    	Second. To ask an injunction to prevent the colored people from the holding their agricultural fair at Tasley, Va., on the ground that Uzzel and Burton are office-holders in the fair and both outlaws.
    	They have also appointed five extra policemen, who go on duty tonight. Conditions, although much more quiet tonight, it is feared will grow very exciting at any moment. 
    	Trouble began over a bill which Constable Kellam tried to collect from a man by the cam of Conquest, who was in Burton’s store at the time. Conquest refused with hot words and cursed Kellam, then calling for assistance. At the same time Uzzel appeared on the scene, who fired a shot which missed its man and struck Garland Belote, a citizen of the town, in the hip on not seriously injuring him.
    	John Toppin, colored, is reported to be dying from a shot last night. Never before was Accomac county in such a state of excitement when the news circulated over the telephone and telegraph lines regarding the conduct of the colored men and the unprepared position of the Onancock citizens.
Burn Every Round of Ammunition in Town.
    	Practically every round of ammunition hereabouts was burned last night and early today the white people of this community had subdued the violent colored element and sent the colored ringleaders away to parts unknown. No attempt, however was made to injure innocent colored people while the fusilade was under way, and before quiet was restored two thousand shots were fired.
    	The burning of Burton’s store and Uzzel’s printing establishment between 2 and 3 o’clock this morning brought an end to the excitement for by that time nearly all of the colored people had disappeared. 
    	The real disturbance began last night when colored people hiding in a vacant lot close by a picket fence fired on the stage coach on its way to Tasley. None of the occupants were injured but the mailbags were riddled and there were numerous punctures in the baggage of the frightened passengers. The shooting was done by colored people, then under the impression that one of their race, charged with the row which took place earlier in the evening.
    	Immediately after the attack on the coach the colored people gathered in Burton’s store, and the white’s feared that they were preparing for another attack. The house was surrounded, and for an hour an armed mob of white citizens waited until the arrival of reinforcements before the actual opening of hostilities.
    	From the surrounding country men were hurrying here by hand cars, on horse back, in buggies and a foot. When the crowd was regarded as sufficiently strong to deal with the seventy-five colored men hiding in the store, a signal was given and hundreds of bullets were fired into doors and windows of the structure. Then the whites waited again. No sound came from the building. The colored men had escaped, one at a time from a door in the rear.
Night Made Hideous.
Meanwhile the night was hideous with the constant rattle of musketry. From all sides came the roar of shotguns, scream now and then terrified colored people in hovels, here there and yonder.
The whites patrolled the streets expecting the colored men to appear at any moment. Finally the store of Burton, colored, blazed suddenly from the rear, and in a short while it was a moss of ruins, the stock being estimated in value at $3,500.
In a few moments the printing shop of Uzzel was set on fire and was totally consumed.
Around the ruins one hundred white men, fully armed marched, expecting an attack from the colored men, reports having been started that they were preparing to retaliate. In the meantime, a notice had been posted on the door of a colored preacher telling him that he would not live to remember the consequences if he did not leave Onancock by 9 o’clock Monday morning. The preacher brazenly faced the armed guard, and, with the notice in his hands demanded the reason for putting it on his door.
“Can’t you read?” shouted a citizen. “It means exactly what it says.” The colored man trembled. He was disposed at first to stand on his rights, but he feared the consequences, and this afternoon he had left town.
Onancock, Va,. August 12.-Chief developments today in the situation here where race-rioting has occurred intermittently since Saturday, afternoon, were the action of the Town Council to expel bad Negroes and the presence and address of Governor Swanson to the people, urging them to be calm and promising to chase down the guilty, no matter what the cost and effort necessary.
The Onancock Council has been in session very nearly all day to decide what course to take in regard to the Negro rioters. At an early hour this morning an ordinance was passed by the Town Council to drive out of the neighborhood eight colored men who were supposed to be part of the riot leaders. Notices were served on them to vacate the town before 4 o’clock this afternoon, which they did as far as can be learned.
Drastic Ordinances.
    	The Council also passed an ordinance prohibiting any colored man, woman or child being in the white district after 8 o’clock, in the evening. One colored man by the name of Hall made a remark that he would die in his shoes before he would leave the town. He was seen at 3 o’clock on the Main Street and warned to leave immediately, which it is supposed that he did, as he started toward that he did, as he started toward the steamboat wharf in order to reach there before the boat left.
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              <text>Cali Hughes</text>
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              <text>The Planet expresses the frustration of many African Americans at the continued lynching of innocent men despite war abroad.</text>
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              <text>Despite the fact that war is upon us, the lynchers continue their bloody work and colored men are being horribly murdered “as of yore.”

At Anderson, S.C., Elbert Harris was taken from J. L. Jackson, (white) carried into the woods and horribly beaten. He died soon afterwards. Harris was only eighteen years of age and was charged with barn-burning.

No effort will be made to punish the fiends who murdered this hapless victim.

From Key West, Florida, under date May 25th, comes the report that a row occurred in a Cuban coffee-shop between William Carne and Vladimir Ichuitsky, both white and Charles Kitchen, colored. Ichuitsky was skilled and Carne badly wounded. The colored man escaped.

A report was circulated that a marine, possibly one of those of the transport ship, Panther, had been killed. A mob was formed to storm the jail and lynch the colored man. He was not found however.

The feeling against the colored people is intense, and threats have been made to hang colored men on general principles.

From Salisbury, Md., comes the report that on May 26th, Garfield King, colored and about eighteen years of age was taken from jail and lynched. 

He was charged with having shot a white youth. The rope broke during the operation and King fell to the ground in an insensible condition. 

He was then beaten and kicked without mercy, huge welts being made upon his body. 

A rope was placed around his neck again, and he was drawn up and hanged, hundreds of bullets being fired into his quivering body.

This was done too in a country which is waging a war in the interest of humanity, and essays to teach another country a lesson on ethics.

Pitiable condition this! How long shall it continue? We tire over this record of blood-shed. When colored men defend colored men, when disturbances of this kind are accompanied by a clash of arms between the law-abiding and lawless elements. Then such exhibitions of brutality will cease.

Whether by the shot-gun or the rifle, the pulpit or the bar, lynch-law must go!</text>
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              <text>A teenaged “colored” boy is shot and killed in Wytheville after a fight with a white boy and the officers trying to arrest him.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="402">
              <text>Wytheville, January 24- Chief-of-Police Thomas L. Moyers shot and killed Thomas Johnson (colored) in the office of Fourth-Avenue Hotel, on Main street last night.
The policeman shot him twice. The first shot took effect between the fifth and sixth ribs, on the right side, in front. The second one was a flesh wound under the right shoulder blade.
The killing grew out of a difficulty between the colored man and Earle Moyers, nephew of the Chief-of-Police.
Earle Moyers is a boy about 15 or 16 years old, and runs an express and baggage wagon to and from the station. Thomas Johnson, who was killed, was a porter at the Fourth-Avenue Hotel.
Struck the Porter
Late yesterday evening Earle Moyers went to the Fourth-Avenue Hotel to see a drummer about taking his baggage to the depot, when he had some words with Johnson about the baggage, which resulted in young Moyers’ striking the porter with his driving whip and the porter’s taking the whip and breaking it up.
At the train last night, at train time, about 8 o’clock, the difficulty between the two was renewed when the colored man struck the boy. After the eastern and western bound trains had passed young Moyers came back to town, went before a justice of peace and swore out a warrant for Johnson’s arrest, charging him with an assault.
Serving a Warrant
The warrant was put in the hands of Chief-of-Police Moyers for execution, and he went down to Fourth Avenue Hotel and found Johnson in the office. The Chief told Johnson that he had a warrant for his arrest. Johnson replied: “Very well, but wait until I can get my coat,” and added: “I will go with you, but you must not put your hands on me,” or words to that effect. Moyers made some reply and went towards the colored man, when he resisted.
Struck him with a Club
Moyers then struck him with his club. The colored man turned, after being struck, snatched the club from the policeman’s hands, and dealt him several blows over the head with it. Moyer then drew his pistol and fired. The colored man turned and started to run, when Moyers shot him the second time. Moyers at once walked out of the office and placed himself in the hands of some friends, Deputy-Sheriff Walker White being one of them.
His Lifeblood Oozing
The colored man walked a few steps towards an ante-room in the rear part of the office and fell. Dr. P.B. Green was sent for. He arrived in a few seconds, made an examination, and told Johnson that he would die in a few moments, which he did, for he only lived about forty minutes after he was shot. A large crowd soon gathered, most of whom were colored people. The friends of the deceased made all sorts of threats, none of which they could carry into execution, for they could not find a policeman.
There were only three witnesses to the killing- namely, Mr. Eli Rider, clerk of the hotel, and Craig Johnson and Walter Burks (both colored.)
The Murderer in Jail
Policeman Moyers is now in jail, having been placed there this morning awaiting his preliminary trial, which takes place tomorrow.
Blair and Blair will defend him, while Judge J.G. Holbrook and Mr. Waller S. Poage, assisting Commonwealth’s- Attorney Robert Sayers, will prosecute him.
Killed Another Man
The feeling her among the colored people against the prisoner is very great, and this feeling was precipitated by the killing of another colored man, Lorenzo Furchess, here last August by Mr. Moyers. Furchess was from North Carolina. Mr. Moyers had a warrant for his arrest, and went to execute it, when Furchess ran and Moyers shot and killed him at a distance of some seventy-five yards, Moyers was tried and acquitted.
A post-mortem examination this evening showed that Thomas Johnson was shot through the liver.</text>
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              <text>A black man is “brutally murdered by a gang of white hoodlums” in New Orleans. </text>
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              <text>A Brutal Murder. 
Mr. Banks Shot Down a New Orleans Tragedy. 
The Murderer Confesses the Crime—The Outcome of the Trial
New Orleans, Nov. 22nd, 1903.
Mr. Editor:
I wish to inform the many readers of the Planet of one of the most brutal and cold-blooded murders New Orleans has known in a long while. 
On Friday evening, Nov. 6th, between 8 and 9 o’clock Robert E. Banks, a lad 18 years old, a brother-in-law of R. E. Dandridge, who resides on Moore street in your city, was brutally murdered by a gang of white hoodlums on Josephine Street, near Howard. 
He had been to a nearby drug-store to purchase some medicine for his sister, who was ill, and was met on returning from the drugstore by a gang of boys and men, who began throwing stones at him, so he began to run, when one of them cried, “Kill the S—of a B--, don’t let him get away.”
Shots Rang Out. 
Two shots rang out in quick succession. He staggered and fell, but managed to regain his feet and walked one block to his sister’s, and within twenty minutes died from a bullet wound. The bullet passed through his left lung. 
Three white boys were arrested and are now awaiting trial, which will come up next Tuesday, Nov. 24th. In the meantime, new developments have come about. On  Friday morning, a white man named Gus Drews gave himself into the custody of the officers, claiming that it was he who killed Robert Banks, and that he did so in self defense…</text>
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                <text>1903-11-28</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="19384">
              <text>Liam Eynan</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="19387">
              <text>A white man commits a murder of his black coworker over an argument.</text>
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              <text>Newport News, December 14 – Special - Shortly after 9 o'clock this morning, Mr. J. H. Bocock, an employee of the merchants and Miners' Transportation Company, shot a colored man named Louis Chick, and the latter is now hovering between life and death. Bocock went to Chief-of-Police Harwood and surrendered himself, and with John Chick, a brother of the wounded colored man is now confined in the city jail.
The affair happened on Chesapeake and Ohio Pier 5. It seems that R. C. Harwood, boss of the freight assorters ordered Louis Chick to place a large box at a certain point, and he threw it down in another place. Words followed, resulting in the "lie" from the colored man, and the two came to blows.
WORDS BETWEEN THEM
Bocock, who had reported in the morning to go on duty as a watchman and who was later put on the freight work, said something to the colored man, and the latter retaliated. It is said that Bocock used a profane word and the colored man called him a very hard name and threatened him. With that, Bocock is said to have struck Chick, who reached back, drew a knife and started to open it when Bocock drew his revolver and shot Chick just below the left nipple. The Boston ship was discharging at the time, and there were nearly 200 colored men on the pier. About fifty of these, headed by John Chick, with a revolver, started after Bocock. and chased him into the yard enclosure. Bocock passed through the gateway, and the watch man immediately closed the gate and shut the crowd out of the yard.</text>
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              <text>Liam Eynan</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="20596">
              <text>A group of unjustly imprisoned black women and a man wait in prison for retrial.</text>
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              <text>We called at the city jail Thursday, 2nd instant and learned that a girl baby had been ushered into the work between the hours of 2 and 3 o'clock January 1st, 1896. Mary Abernathy was doing well. Pokey had installed herself as nurse.
Both have been removed to a room adjoining where every comfort consistent with their unfortunate condition is given them.
We had received a letter from the wife of Solomon Marable. As we gazed through the iron grating, we saw him with pan in hand hungrily devouring the dinner which had been served him in common with the other prisoners.
Later he came to the iron gate and leaned up against it, we read to him the missive which conveyed to him the news of home.
He said, he had written to his wife three days before.
Enquiring at the oyster-house of J. T. Montgomery, 1509 E. Franklin ST., elicited the fact that David James Thompson had been there and he had made threats against Solomon Marable and the Editor of the Planet. He bought three gallons of oysters and had them sent to Murphy's Hotel.
Messers. "Jack" Steward, Braxton Harris, and John Atkinson heard what he said and Wm. Smith carried the oysters to him at Murphy's Hotel. He was spare build with sandy mustache, wore a light coat and a brown derby
The fact that David James Thompson had been to this city and in the presence of witnesses declared that he would kill Solomon Marable and Editor Mitchell on sight has created a profound sensation.
It is another startling development in this truly remarkable case and emphazies in a way that nothing else could have done the declaration that the prisoners would not be safe if conveyed to Lunenburg County without military escort.
MR. WISE'S LETTER.
Hon George D. Wise has written to Judge W. H. Mann asking him to join with him in a request to Judge Orgain to postpone the consideration of these cases until the February term of the court as Mary Abernathy is unable to travel, and to remove her would endanger her life.
As to whether he will grant this request is an open question.
The January term of the Lunenburg County Court begins on the 18th.
It will be remembered that the plea of Mary Barnes was dismissed by the Supreme Court upon motion of her counsel. This prevents the County Court from exercising any jurisdiction over her and upon the result a the trial of Pokey Barnes and Mary Abernathy will to a great extent depend her future.
THEIR RIGHTS IN THE PREMISES.
With a fair and impartial jury, there would be no doubt of the result of the trial. Tbe prisoners are clearly entitled to a change of venue, that is the trial of the case at some other place, but it is doubtful that Judge Orgain will dare go contrary to the sentiment of the county and grant such a request.
Desperate efforts have been and are being made to manufacture testimony against these innocent people.
A STUBBORN FIGHT AHEAD.
In the coming trial every inch of the ground will be hotly contested and neither time nor money will be spared to secure that justice to which every citizen is entitled.
We have been creditably informed that the prisoners will be safely conducted to Lunenburg C. H. and the trial allowed to take place. Should they be convicted, no trouble will ensue, but should they be acquitted, they would be lynched. Steps have been taken to meet this anomalous condition of affairs.
Gov. O'Ferrell, since his special message to the legislature has taken no further action in the premises. The legislature will convene again Monday, but it is evident that it will do nothing.</text>
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              <text>Jacksonville, Fla., Feb. 7,
About 7 o'clock, James White, a newspaperman, who has been employed on the Evening Metropolis, of this city, shot and instantly killed Robert Mitchell, a colored hackman. The trouble occurred in front of White's home, and was witnessed by Mrs. White, who was standing in the door.
It seems that White had been drinking heavily for some days, and early this morning engaged Mitchell drive him home. When White's house was reached he handed the colored man twenty cents.
Mitchell claimed that five cents more was due him, and a quarrel followed. About this time, Mrs. White appeared in the door, and White turned to her and asked for five cents. Then, without waiting for his wife’s reply, White turned towards the colored man, drew a pistol and fired, the bullet striking Mitchell in the eye, and causing instant death.
White then entered the house, which was soon surrounded by an excited crowd of colored people threatening to lynch Mitchell's slayer.
The officers arrived in time to prevent this, and White was taken to jail. He exhibited great fear and pleaded with the officers to protect him. White claims that he shot the man because the latter applied a vile epithet him.</text>
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              <text>Noah Finley (colored) was charged with robbing a white man on the public highway. He was sentenced to death. The following is the telegraphic report:
East Radford, Va., August 8—Noah Finley received his sentence with peculiar composure. The jury considered their verdict from Monday evening until 11 o’clock this morning.
The first poll stood eleven for hanging, one for eighteen years and the verdict approved by every one.
Pulaski, Va., August 8—It was reported the jury could not reach an agreement. A party of citizens notified them if a verdict was not rendered by 10 o’clock this morning, the Negro would be lynched. The verdict was brought in promptly at the specified time.</text>
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