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              <text>A grave robber is apprehended by a victim’s family and friends, who noticed evidence of “foul play” on the body at the funeral.</text>
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              <text>Joseph Donnelly, the proprietor of a boardinghouse at Paulsboro, N. J., and James Drain, one of his boarders, were arrested and locked up in the jail at Woodbury., as the result of revelations following the opening of the grave of Edward Cole, another boarder. Cole was found dead in Donnelley’s house last Wednesday, and the corner reported that he was the victim of paralysis. The undertaker who prepared the body for burial however reported to County Prosecutor Alexander Rogers that Cole’s body showed evidence of foul play. A large sum of money had just been paid to Cole by the authorities of Paulsboro for some land according to Cole’s friends and relatives, but no money was found on the body.</text>
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                <text>May - 1909</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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                <text>Grave Opened: Murder Revealed </text>
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              <text>A ten-year-old child in Missouri successfully robs bank of 92 dollars and is then apprehended by authorities.</text>
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              <text>Charged with the looting of the Noel State bank, at Joplin, Mo., Oliver P. Billings, ten years old, was arrested by Sheriff Carnell, ending a five weeks’ chase. The boy entered the bank by means of a rear window while Cashier Kissler was at dinner and looted the cash drawer of its entire contents, $92. The boy confessed.</text>
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                <text>A Ten –Year-Old Bank Robber</text>
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              <text>Corrupt lawyers are charged with bribing witnesses thrown in jail.</text>
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              <text>New York, January 13. – Carl Fischer Hansen and Alexander Michelson, law partners, were arrested in the district attorneys office and held for $10,000 respectively, which was furnished. They are charged with bribery of witness or payment of money to witnesses for the purpose of withholding the truth.</text>
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              <text>Doctor Charles B. Smith was nearly blinded by a patient who threw acid in his face.</text>
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              <text>Washington, N. J, - Dr. Charles B Smith, mayor of the city, who has held office for nine years and considered the most popular man in this place was nearly blinded by woman patient who through carbolic acid in the doctors eyes after trying to kill him with a revolver. The woman was Mrs. Alice Castner a wealthy widow living in the country a mile from Washington, who, Dr. Smith says is suffering from paranoia. Dr. Smith has long been the Physician for the family of John Bowers a wealthy farmer living in Washington who is Mrs. Castner’s father. Mrs. Castner’s husband died 10 years ago and she has four children.</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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              <text>An explosion of a twenty-five ton dynamite blast at Bas Obispo kills fourteen crew members who were building the Panama Canal. 
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              <text>The explosion at Bas Obispo of a twenty five-ton dynamite blast was the most serious accident in connection with the building of the Panama canal since the United States took control. The dead now total fourteen. That many bodies have been recovered, but it is believed that a score or more are still under the masses or rocks and earth that were thrown up. The death list would have been appalling had a train conveying 500 laborers, passed a few minutes later. This train steamed through the cut and was barely out of view when the explosion occurred. For a distance of 800 feet in length and 400 feet in width the Bas Obispo cut present a graphic picture of the terrible effect of the explosion. The whole hillside had been devastated, the dynamite rending the earth in twain and tossing huge boulders in all directions. A ninety-ton steam shovel lies a complete wreck, crushed under the weight of falling rocks. Every one of the crew was killed. All the tracks in this section were torn to pieces and are now covered with tons of debris. Hundreds of men are on the scene working heroically to find the bodies of their dead comrades. Many evidences are come across of the terrible force of the blast, as here and there pieces of human flesh and bone are turned over with pick or shovel. The charge consisted of fifty-one holes, sixty feet deep and spread out over a large section of territory. The last hole was being charged by John J. Reidy, and experienced powderman, when it exploded. The others were exploded by the concussion. Reidy was blown to pieces.</text>
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                <text>Dec10 1908</text>
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        <element elementId="52">
          <name>Student Name</name>
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              <text>Emma Alvarez</text>
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        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Summary</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9650">
              <text>A recent Supreme Court trial prevents the “coeducation” of black and white children; The Planet declares that this decision is unconstitutional and “swayed by political conditions.” </text>
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              <text>No</text>
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          <name>URL</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9655">
              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP19081114&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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          <name>Topic</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Crime and Justice</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="9658">
              <text>The Supreme Court of the United States has handed down another one of its decisions showing its antipathy to the colored people of this country and emphasizing the fact that none of us may expect to hope for justice within its confines. The fact that this expression of a legal opinion followed so closely after an election shows that it was swayed by political conditions and feared the effect of its utterances upon the colored vote in the doubtful states. When it is observed that the court’s political complexion is Republican upon all but question affecting the colored people of this country, we confess that it confirms the opinion previously expressed in these columns, that a Negro can get as much and more justice before the supreme tribunals in the states than he can in Washington. It was the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia that reversed the Corporation Court of Henrico county in the Fulton Park case, deciding that a specification in a deed that property should not be sold to colored people was null and void. As a result, colored people are in possession of the park in question. Who would have thought of going beyond the Virginia tribunal to test the matter? Certainly not the colored folks who have learned to know that Virginians “to the manor born” can be trusted upon questions involving constitutional rights and vital principles. It was the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia that practically ordered the release of Messrs. William Conquest and S.L. Burton, the alleged Accomac rioters. But to the decision of that truly remarkable coterie of jurists at Washington. Here is what is said: “Washington, November 9. - In deciding the case of Berea College against the state of Kentucky favorably to the state, the Supreme Court today held that a State of the Union may constitutionally legislate to prevent the coeducation of the white and black races. The case was instituted to test the validity of the State law of 1904, prohibiting white and black children from attending the same schools. The higher State Court took the position that the white and black races are naturally antagonistic, and that the enforced separation of the children of the two is in the line of the preservation of the peace. The opinion of the Supreme Court was handed down by Justice Brewer and affirmed the finding of both the Kentucky Circuit Court and the Court of Appeals. Justices Harlan and day dissented.” It will be seen even in this case that the Supreme Court of Appeals, a Democratic body was equally fair and outspoken in its conclusions as was the Supreme Court of Appeals of the United States. In our opinion both the courts of Kentucky and the one at Washington are wrong, but what was the use of going up to the city, where President Roosevelt resided to find it out? We now know in advance what to expect in the case of the colored soldier from New York, who is seeking through legal channels to be restored to the roster of the army, although he was removed therefrom by President Roosevelt’s order. The telegraphic report says further: “Justice Brewer’s opinion dealt entirely with corporations as affected by the Kentucky statute, and did not consider the question of its applicability to individuals. Proceeding upon the theory that a state has complete control over corporations as its own creations, he then construed the law of 1904 as in effect an amendment to the charter of Berea College and added: “It is undoubtedly true that the reserved power to alter or amend is subject to some limitations, and that under the guise of a new contract may not always be enforceable upon the corporation of the stockholders; but it is settled that a power reserved to the Legislature to alter, amend, or repeal a charter authorizes it to make an alteration or amendment of a charter granted, subject to it, which will not defeat or substantially impair the object of the grant, or any rights vested under it, and which the Legislature may deem necessary...</text>
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          <name>Location</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9659">
              <text>Lower Left Quadrant</text>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="9648">
                <text>Nov5 1908</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="9649">
                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="9653">
                <text>1908-11-14</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="9654">
                <text>The United States Supreme Court and the Negro</text>
              </elementText>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="742" public="1" featured="1">
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="52">
          <name>Student Name</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9634">
              <text>Emma Alvarez</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Summary</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9637">
              <text>A 1902 court case denying a black man his right to vote is reversed and is now a symbol of “progress” and the acknowledgment of human rights within the Supreme Court.</text>
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        <element elementId="54">
          <name>Item Type</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9638">
              <text>Article</text>
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          <name>Image</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="9639">
              <text>No</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="28">
          <name>URL</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9642">
              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP19081114&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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          <name>Topic</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9643">
              <text>Crime and Justice</text>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9644">
              <text/>
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          <name>Transcription</name>
          <description>Any written text transcribed from a sound</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9645">
              <text>The United States Circuit Court handed down an opinion Thursday, November 5th, 1908 in the Brick house case. This suit arose out of the refusal of the election judges William Jessop and C.T. Brooks to allow a colored citizen named Brick-house to vote in a congressional election in 1902 and was in the nature of a test case, relative to the validity of the “unconstitutional” constitution of Virginia. The opinion shows that Judge Nathan B. Goff and his associated are “trimming their sails” so to speak in accordance with the recent anti-Negro decisions of the United States Supreme Court. They will never remember being reversed by that tribunal, so long as they continue along the lines marked out and the present supreme tribunal remains as it is now constituted. Judge Goff indulges in the policy of evasion which has become such a characteristic of the decisions of the Supreme Court at Washington. We are frank to state that we have never expected any other result from this case, although there were thousands of colored people, who indulged in rainbow chasing in the direction of a United States Court. Judge Emory Speer of Georgia is rather a remarkable character, in that judicial reverses by a higher tribunal do not affect him so long as he believed he is right and he gives counsel an opportunity as well as the annoyance of appealing in all cases where he rules in favor of human rights. Hon. John S. Wise of New York and James H. Hayes, Esq. and J.C. Carter, we believe were counsel in this case. They did their duty and the responsibility is with the court.</text>
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          <name>Location</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9646">
              <text>Lower Left Quadrant</text>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="9635">
                <text>Nov4 1908</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="9636">
                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="9640">
                <text>1908-11-14</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="9641">
                <text>Another Adverse Decision</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="740" public="1" featured="1">
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="52">
          <name>Student Name</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9608">
              <text>Emma Alvarez</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Summary</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9611">
              <text> Two black men, Samuel L. Burton and Sylvanus Conquest, are sentenced to one year in jail for “rioting” but proved innocent after a second trial. The Planet believes this decision gives “hope to every progressive, wealth producing, law-abiding colored man in the State.”
</text>
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        <element elementId="54">
          <name>Item Type</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9612">
              <text>Article</text>
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        <element elementId="55">
          <name>Image</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9613">
              <text>No</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="28">
          <name>URL</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9616">
              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP19081107&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
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          <name>Topic</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9617">
              <text>Crime and Justice</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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          <name>Times Repeated</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9618">
              <text/>
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          <name>Transcription</name>
          <description>Any written text transcribed from a sound</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9619">
              <text>The following telegraphic information will explain itself: “Norfolk, Va., OCt. 27 - Acting upon a telegram from S.J. Turlington, Commonwealth's Attorney of Accomac county, Commonwealth's Attorney John. G. Tilton yesterday entered a nolle prosequi in the cases of Samuel L. Burton and Sylvanus Conquest charged with rioting during the race trouble on the Eastern Shore. This ends the matter in court. Burton and Conquest  were twice convicted and sentenced, but each time Attorneys H. Wilcox and J.L. Jeffries secured a new trial from the Supreme Court. Burton and Conquest were given one year each in the penitentiary in the Corporation Court here. An appeal was taken and a new trial granted. J.D. Uzzle, the editor, was acquitted. The telegram from Commonwealth Attorney Turlington of Accomac county and filed by Commonwealth’s Attorney Tilton with the papers in the case follows: “Accomac, Va., Oct. 26, ‘08, John G. Tilton, Commonwealth’s Attorney for Norfolk, Va. I realize under the decision of the Supreme Court it is useless to further prosecute in the case of Commonwealth against Burton and Conquest. This then is another evidence of the impartiality of the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia and emphasizes what we have so often said, - that a colored citizen need not go further than the boundaries of this State in order to secure justice. Our remedy at law is at home. So positive were the legal mandates handed down from this Temple of Justice that even the prejudiced officials of Accomac County, Va. realised the hopelessness of the struggle. This decision will give hope to every progressive, wealth producing, law-abiding colored man in the State. It shows that if we live upright and prove ourselves entitled to the respect of the white and colored people of the neighborhood in which we reside that we can always feel safe when the proper appeal is made to the Tribunal that represents the justice loving power of the commonwealth. All praise to the counsel of white men, who so ably represent these colored men in their long warfare for justice.</text>
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          <name>Location</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9620">
              <text>Upper Right Quadrant</text>
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        </element>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="9609">
                <text>Nov3 1908</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="9610">
                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="9614">
                <text>1908-11-07</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="9615">
                <text>The Accomac Prisoners Free</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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  <item itemId="731" public="1" featured="1">
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="52">
          <name>Student Name</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9491">
              <text>Emma Alvarez</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Summary</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9494">
              <text>The Detroit and Mackinaw Railway attempts to save people from the spread of forest fires, but ends up burning and killing 15 passengers and crew members.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="54">
          <name>Item Type</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9495">
              <text>Article</text>
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        <element elementId="55">
          <name>Image</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9496">
              <text>No</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="28">
          <name>URL</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9499">
              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP19081024&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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          <name>Topic</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="9500">
              <text>Crime and Justice</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Times Repeated</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9501">
              <text/>
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          <description>Any written text transcribed from a sound</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9502">
              <text>Fifteen people lost their lives on Thursday night in the burning of the Detroit &amp; Mackinaw Railway company’s relief train, which was carrying the inhabitants of the little village of Metz, Mitch., twenty-three miles north of Alpena, to safety from the forest fires which were sweeping away their homes. The ill-fated train was ditched by spreading rails at Nowick, a few miles south of Metz, and the terrified refugees were forced to abandon the cars and rush for safety either down the track, with burning forests on either side, or into the plowed fields near the siding. Eleven of the victims were women and children, who were unable to escape quickly enough from the gondola car which they were occupying. Their charred bodies were found there when rescuers reached the scene. Two of the men victims were members of the train crew. Four additional fatalities occurred in the neighborhood of the wreck. Mr. and Mrs. Fred wagner died from heat and exhaustion on their farm near the scene of the wreck, and Mr. and Mrs. Fred Nowicki, Jr., lost their lives in their burning house near the siding where the wreck occurred. When the forest fires closed in about the little village, a special train of three empty box cars and two coal gondolas was rushed to Metz, in charge of John E. Kinville, conductor; William Foster, engineer; Arthur Lee, fireman, and William Barrett, brakeman. As rapidly as possible the people and their good were loaded into the cars. When the train started there were about 100 frightened people on board. The flames were already sweeping through the village. Nearing the Nowicki crossing, Engineer Foster saw blazing piles of cedar ties on both sides of the track. Opening wide the throttle, he tried to dash through at full speed, but the heat had loosened the rail and they had spread and the train left the track. Blazing pies of ties surrounded it, and in an instant the cars caught fire. The terror stricken people, caught by the peril from which they were fleeing, jumped from the cars and rushed down the track. Three mothers and their nine little ones were not quick enough. They were cremated in the gondola car where they were caught. Brake man WIlliam Barrett sprang into the water tank behind the engine, only to be literally boiled to death as the flames swept over it.</text>
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              <text>Upper Left Quadrant</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="9492">
                <text>Oct10 1908</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="9493">
                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1908-10-24</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Refugees Die in Burning Train</text>
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  <item itemId="725" public="1" featured="1">
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="52">
          <name>Student Name</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9413">
              <text>Emma Alvarez</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Summary</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9416">
              <text>Captain Clayton Erb is shot and killed by his sister-in-law, and rumors of his intention to divorce his wife arise after a series of marital issues.</text>
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        <element elementId="54">
          <name>Item Type</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9417">
              <text>Article</text>
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              <text>No</text>
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              <text>https://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RP19081010&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</text>
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              <text>Crime and Justice</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="9424">
              <text>Philadelphia, Oct. 7 - Captain J. Clayton Erb, of the Third regiment, National Guard of Pennsylvania, and formerly actuary for Israel W. Durham when he was state insurance commissioner, was shot and killed at his home in, Red Gabies, in Village Green, Delaware county, by his sister-in-law, Catherine Beisel. The shooting came as the climax to a series of domestic troubles which Mr. erb has recently experienced. Captain Erb figured recently in the news because of his marital troubles. He was married a little more than two years, and for several months there had been rumours of their inability to agree. Erb had a negro coachman named Poulson, and Mrs. Erb, declaring that the negro had insulted her, insisted that her husband dismiss him. This Erb refused to do. Mrs. Erb obtained a warrant for the negro’s arrest, and at the hearing the captain befriended the coachman and entered bail for him. Troubles in the Erb home continued, and Captain Erb, it was rumored, announced his purpose to sue for divorce.</text>
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              <text>Upper Right Quadrant</text>
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                <text>Oct4 1908</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;Richmond Planet&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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                <text>Shot and Killed by Sister-in-Law</text>
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